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15. What is the relationship between extinctions and biodiversity?
A. Extinction contributes to a decrease in biodiversity.
B. Extinction casually changes biodiversity in one heading or the other
C. Extinction contributes to an increase in biodiversity.
D. Extinction has no effect in biodiversity
Answers
Answer:
15 - The biodiversity of an area is literally the number of species, both plant and animal, inhabiting the environment being examined. When a species is no longer found in a region, it is locally extinct. When it is no longer found anywhere, the species is considered extinct.
A- Biodiversity loss includes the extinction of species (plant or animal) worldwide, as well as the local reduction or loss of species in a certain habitat, resulting in a loss of biological diversity. Global extinction has so far been proven to be irreversible.
B- Extinction is an evolutive process that leads to the disappearance of a species or a population. When a species becomes extinct, its entire genetic heritage is lost for good. With evolution, a species can become another in order to adapt to the small environmental changes or due to casual changes in its genetic heritage. This process is known as speciation, in other words the birth of a new species. Speciation and extinction are both part of the natural evolutive process of living beings. Therefore, the natural extinction of a species in itself must not be interpreted as a negative event (nor, obviously, as a positive event), but it must be considered simply for what it is, in other words, an expression of biological evolution. The great extinctions in history, in fact, were accompanied by the formation of new species that have given continuity and vigour to the diversities of life. Normally two types of extinction may be classified
C- EXTINCTION & BIODIVERSITY
Earth’s ecosystems have evolved for millions of years, resulting in diverse and complex biological communities living in balance with their environment. Since the 16th century, human activity has impacted nature in practically every part of the world, wild plants and animals are at risk of extinction, deforestation and land degradation are causing water scarcity and erosion, and climate change leads to acidification of oceans.
Biodiversity loss is the extinction of species (plant or animal) worldwide, and also the local reduction or loss of species in a certain habitat.
Over the past 50 years, humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly than ever before; 60% of ecosystems are degraded and often over-exploited, and pressures on nature are increasing despite the growing number of responses to tackle biodiversity loss.
Nature and its contributions to people are fundamental to the existence of humans as a species and for our societies and their future development. Nature and its contributions to people are, however, continuing to decline, largely because of human actions. Of 2,493 species assessed in Europe and Central Asia, 13% are included on the Red List of Threatened Species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which constitutes 6.5% of the total numbermof the species included on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, globally.
The biodiversity of an area is literally the number of species, both plant and animal, inhabiting the environment being examined. When a species is no longer found in a region, it is locally extinct. When it is no longer found anywhere, the species is considered extinct.
Species diversity ensures ecosystem resilience, giving ecological communities the scope they need to withstand stress. Thus while conservationists often justifiably focus their efforts on species-rich ecosystems like rainforests and coral reefs — which have a lot to lose — a comprehensive strategy for saving biodiversity must also include habitat types with fewer species, like grasslands, tundra, and polar seas — for which any loss could be irreversibly devastating. And while much concern over extinction focuses on globally lost species, most of biodiversity's benefits take place at a local level, and conserving local populations is the only way to ensure genetic diversity critical for a species' long-term survival.
D- The species that are unable to adapt to environmental changes become extinct. This reduces biodiversity. Human activity also causes extinction. ... All forms of extinction cause reductions in the remaining biodiversity .
Explanation:
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The relationship between extinction and biodiversity is that extinction contributes to a decrease in biodiversity (option A).
- Extinction is the process of a complete elimination of species from the earth as a result of natural selection or human intervention.
- The flora and fauna of a given region or area define the biodiversity of that region or area.
- Natural selection causes species to become extinct if they are unable to adapt to severe conditions or resist environmental changes.
- Human activities like hunting, poaching, and killing animals for commercial reasons are all contributing factors to the extinction of specific species.
- These activities have the potential to wipe species from the region and reduce biodiversity.