Question

Use the following terms to explain how an experiment works: hypothesis, operational definition, random selection, random assignment, control group, experimental group, independent variable, dependent variable, and confounding variable.

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Hypothesis :- A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a precise, testable statement of what the researcher(s) predict will be the outcome of the study.
2. Operational :- An operational definition is how we (the. researcher) decide to measure our the variables. in our study (variable = anything that can be measured). ◦ There are usually hundreds of ways to measure a DV (e.g. behavior).
3. Random selection :- Random selection refers to how the sample is drawn from the population as a whole, while random assignment refers to how the participants are then assigned to either the experimental or control groups.
4. Random assignment :- Random assignment or random placement is an experimental technique for assigning human participants or animal subjects to different groups in an experiment (e.g., a treatment group versus a control group) using randomization, such as by a chance procedure (e.g., flipping a coin) or a random number generator.
5. Control group :- The control group is composed of participants who do not receive the experimental treatment. When conducting an experiment, these people are randomly assigned to be in this group. They also closely resemble the participants who are in the experimental group or the individuals who receive the treatment.
6. Experimental group :- the experimental group (or experimental condition) refers to the group of participants who are exposed to the independent variable. These participants receive or are exposed to the treatment variable.
7. Independent variable :- The independent variable (IV) is the characteristic of a psychology experiment that is manipulated or changed by researchers, not by other variables in the experiment. For example, in an experiment looking at the effects of studying on test scores, studying would be the independent variable
8. Dependent variable :- The dependent variable is the variable that is being measured or tested in an experiment. ... In a psychology experiment, researchers are looking at how changes in the independent variable cause changes in the dependent variable.
9. Confounding variable :- Confounding variables are factors other than the independent variable that may cause a result. In your caffeine study, for example, it is possible that the students who received caffeine also had more sleep than the control group. ... Experimenter bias is another confound that can also affect the results of an experiment.

I hope it will help you