_uses of hydrogen?_
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Answers
Answer:
Hydrogen is used in many industrial processes
Nearly all of the hydrogen consumed in the United States is used by industry for refining petroleum, treating metals, producing fertilizer, and processing foods. U.S. petroleum refineries use hydrogen to lower the sulfur content of fuels.
Explanation:
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Answer:
What is Hydrogen?
Hydrogen is a unique element of the periodic table due to its resemblance to alkali metals and the halogens.
Hydrogen is the first element of the periodic table and due to its uniqueness, it is placed separately. Let us look at some reasons because of which Hydrogen is so unique.
Explanation:
Properties of Hydrogen
There are many uses of hydrogen because of its dual nature and hence this element is very popular in the chemical industry. So, let us have a look at its properties and find the reasons for its dual character:
Physical properties of Hydrogen:
The hydrogen gas is colourless, odourless and tasteless in nature. It is a combustible gas but not a supporter of combustion. It is lighter than air and insoluble in water. It has an atomic mass of 1.008 amu and an ionization enthalpy of 1312 kJ mol-1.
Chemical properties of Hydrogen:
Chemical properties are largely determined by the bond disassociation enthalpy. Hydrogen molecule forms H-H bond, and this single bond has the highest bond enthalpy between two atoms of an element. Hydrogen is inert at room temperature due to its high bond enthalpy and, therefore, it is prepared at very high temperatures in an electric arc or under ultraviolet radiations. Hydrogen has an electronic configuration of 1s1, and so it can react either by losing an electron and forming an H+ ion, or gaining an electron and forming an H– ion. Hydrogen shares electrons with other elements and forms a covalent bond.
Reaction of Hydrogen with Other Elements
Let us move on to the reaction of hydrogen with other elements:
Reactions with the halogen family:
Hydrogen reacts with halogens elements to give hydrogen halides.
For example:
H
2
(
g
)
+
X
2
(
g
)
→
2
H
X
(
g
)
Reaction with the oxygen molecule:
Hydrogen reacts with the oxygen molecule to form water. This reaction is highly exothermic in nature.
2
H
2
(
g
)
+
O
2
(
g
)
→
2
H
2
O
(l) ; Δ H =
−
285.9
k
J
m
o
l
−
1
Reaction with metals:
Hydrogen reacts with different metals to form their respective hydrides.