uses of potassium zincate
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The results of a study of the nature of the concentrated potassium zincate solutions in alkali are reported. Data from several independent but complementary techniques are mutually consistent and show that electrolytically produced solutions of high concentration are relatively complex, the complexity depending upon the age. It is concluded that initially quasi-colloidal particles, based on Zn(OH)2 and molecules of solvation, are present. The particles of colloidal character are electroinactive and undergo a first order decay to yield a solution containing the species [Zn(OH)2·2H2O], [Zn(OH)3·H2O]– and [Zn(OH)4]2–, the actual constitution depending on the concentration.
It is shown that previous spectral assignments are erroneous, reported bands at 283 and 310 Δcm–1 arising from the KOH solution itself. The new data show the non-colloidal zinc species to be tetrahedral, and not planar or octahedral.
It was found that the ν1 band (Raman) of Zn(OH)2–4 occurred at 471.2 ± 0.9 Δcm–1(previously accepted value ∼484 Δcm–1).
The 430 Δcm–1 value for ν3 was confirmed but the expected, weak ν2 and ν4 bands were not detectable due to the high background and overlapping KOH solution bands.
During a reaction, it is always necessary to observe the law of conservation of mass. No matter what the reaction is, the only exceptions are nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. Since the question says only carbon is burned, it could be any hydrocarbon or carbon directly, which means we can't tell the ratio at which it burns unless the o2 value is specified.
However, methods developed so far for this purpose require a stoichiometric amount (usually more) of either a strong base or an oxidant. The first catalytic C-H benzylic coupling of diarylmethanes to styrenes and conjugated dienes is described here. The potassium zinc complex, generated from potassium benzyl and zinc amide, acts as a catalyst and exhibits good activity and chemoselectivity. Considering the atom economy of the reaction and the easy availability of the catalyst, this reaction represents a practical and efficient method for the synthesis of diaryl alkane.
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