Using a demand and supply diagram, illustrate the effect of introducing an indirect tax on a product on its equilibrium price and its equilibrium quantity.
Answers
Answer:
(a) Market equilibrium is struck when:
Market Demand = Market supply
Or, Q
d
=Q
s
1000−p=700+2p
⇒2p+p=1000−700
⇒3p=300
⇒p=100
wHEN $$p=10, { Q }_{ d }=1000-p $$
=1000−100=900
Equilibrium price = 100.
Equilibrium quantity = 900
(b) When price of an input used to produce salt has increased, new equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity is achieved when:
1000−p=400+2p
⇒2p+p=1000−400
⇒3p=600
⇒p=200
When p=200, Q
d
=1000−p
=1000−200=800
New equilibrium price = 200.
New equilibrium quantity = 800.
Owing to increase in input price, supply curve shifts backward. Consequently, equilibrium price is expected to rise and equilibrium quantity is expected to fall., In tune with this expected result, the new equilibrium price has risen from Rs.100 to Rs.200 and equilibrium quantity has decreased from 900 to800.
(c) When GST is imposed, the supply equation changes as under:
Q
d
=700+2(p−3) [ out of the price charged producer has to pay Rs.3 to the government ]
Equating supply and demand equations, the equilibrium price is achieved, as under:
1000−p=700+2(p−3)
⇒1000−p=700+2p−6
⇒2p+p=1000−700+6
⇒3p=306
⇒p=102
Equilibrium quantity:
1000−102=898
Or
700+2(102−3)=700+198
=898
After GST,
Equilibrium price increases from Rs.100 to Rs.102.
Equilibrium quantity reduces from 900 to 898
Answer:
Using a demand and supply diagram, illustrate the effect of introducing an indirect tax on a product on its equilibrium price and its equilibrium quantity.
the adjacent diagram shows a section of a glass slab. AO and BO are the two rays incident on the glass-air boundary xy from glass. OC is the refracted ray for the incident ray AO.(A) on the diagram (i) mark the critical angle and label it as C (ii) draw a path of the ray bo after striking the boundary surface? (B) what phenomenon does the ray BO exhibit