utilize online resources to research various countries their cultures and their governmental structure? This question 10 th time I had send but no one answered plzzz answer this question
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Explanation:
The participants to the round-table meeting on cultural policies decided unanimously against embarking on an attempt to define culture; the representative of the Director- General had made a point of recalling that it was not the role of Unesco to define the cultur- al policy of States. It was considered preferable: (a) that ‘cultural poky’ should be taken to mean the sum total of the conscious and deliberate usages, action or lack of action in a society, aimed at meeting certain cultural needs through the optimum utilization of all the physical and human resources available to that society at a given time; (b) that certain cri- teria for cultural development should be delbed, and that culture should be linked to the fullilment of personality and to economic and social development. It was recognized that economic and social development should go hand in hand with cultural development; culture has a beneficial effect on the means of production available and on man himself; every improvement in physical well-being helps to promote culture, by freeing man from enslavement to physical obligations, and by giving him leisure for the activities of the mind. The march of economic progress is generally reflected in the cultural sphere, and cultural activity stimulates economic Me. Emphasis was placed on the need to integrate science in culture, and to study the way in which culture evolves under the influence of science and technology. Attention was also drawn to the fact that literacy programmes and cultural development form an indivisible whole: it is the cultural advancement of the whole people that imparts force to the literacy movement. Over the last twenty years or so, and more especially since 1960, an increasing number of governments have set up departments of cultural affairs distinct from their departments of education. This trend reflects, on the one hand, a new phenomenon-sometimes referred to as ‘cultural development’-connected with improvements in school enrolments, com- munication media, town planning and living standards and, on the other, the determination of governments to take deliberate measures, on a national scale, to meet this new demand. Several States have written into their basic laws the idea of making great cultural works accessible to all sections of the population. This cannot, however, be left entirely to indivi- dual initiative, hampered as it is by so many economic and psychological difficulties. It must be promoted by the public authorities, which have the necessary means for carrying out such a tremendous task. Each country has a Merent general concept of the action which public authorities should take in the cultural field, and of its justification and aims. Generally, it appeared that there are four Werent approaches : 10
Tea idea of 'cultural policy ' 1. Cultural policy is integrated in general planning. 2. The State considers that it has a responsibility for culture deriving from the role it has undertaken towards the nation, and that it is the duty of the State to replace private in- itiative which is not always able of carrying out this task successfuliy. 3. One should beware of centralization and of a predominant role for the State in the direct management of cultural institutions, because of the danger of cultural action being reduced to uniformity and lest the controversial element in art be neutralized; those who support this approach prefer to limit State intervention to financial assistance, free from any conditions. 4. In certain developing societies it is considered that cultural development is essential in order to strengthen awareness of nationhood and thus facilitate the growth of year original culture which wili meet both the deepest aspirations of the people and the requirements of the modern world; State intervention is essential, since private action is stili clearly inadequate. In any event, State intervention must not have a harmful effect we the freedom to create and public passivity must be avoided at any price.