V. Answer the following questions.
1. Describe the main features of the Permanent Settlement.
2. What causes led to the commercialisation of agriculture under the British rule?
3. Why were the peasants reluctant to grow indigo?
4. Describe two main features each of the Mahalwari and the Ryotwari systems.
5. Describe the Blue Rebellion of 1859.
Answers
Explanation:
1. In order to get a stable revenue income, most of the East India Company’s officials believed that investment in land had to be encouraged and agriculture had to be improved. Debates on how this was to be done led to the introduction of the Permanent Settlement in 1793.
The aim of this settlement was to ensure a regular flow of revenue for the Company.
As per the settlement, rajas and taluqdars were recognised as zamindars.
They were asked to collect rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the Company.
The amount to be paid was fixed permanently and it was not to be increased ever in the future.
The Company believed that as the revenue amount was fixed, the zamindars would benefit by investing in land improvement, which would in turn lead to increased production.
If the zamindars failed to pay the revenue, which they usually did as the fixed revenue was very high, they lost their zamindari.
2.The chief factor was the colonial subjugation of India under the British rule. India was reduced to the supplier of raw materials and food grains to Britain and importer of British manufactured goods. Many commercial crops like, cotton, jute, tea, tobacco were introduced to meet the demand in Britain.
3.The ryots were reluctant to grow indigo because the price they got for the indigo they produced was very low. The planters insisted that indigo be cultivated on the best soils in which peasants preferred to cultivate rice.
4.Under the Permanent Settlement the revenue was fixed or decided as per the land holdings of the peasants; In Mahalwari system revenue was to be paid by village known as mahal. ... But in Mahalwari System the revenue was to be revised periodically. In Permanent Settlement the zamindars collected the revenue.
5. The Indigo revolt (or Nil bidroha) was a peasant movement and subsequent uprising of indigo farmers against the indigo planters that arose in Chaugacha village of Nadia in Bengal in 1859.
Hope this helps you.
Answer:
In order to get a stable revenue income, most of the East India Company’s officials believed that investment in land had to be encouraged and agriculture had to be improved. Debates on how this was to be done led to the introduction of the Permanent Settlement in 1793.
The aim of this settlement was to ensure a regular flow of revenue for the Company.
As per the settlement, rajas and taluqdars were recognised as zamindars.
They were asked to collect rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the Company.
The amount to be paid was fixed permanently and it was not to be increased ever in the future.
The Company believed that as the revenue amount was fixed, the zamindars would benefit by investing in land improvement, which would in turn lead to increased production.
If the zamindars failed to pay the revenue, which they usually did as the fixed revenue was very high, they lost their zamindari.
Explanation:
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