Question

V. Answer the following questions in detail.
1. Describe the different horizons of the soil profile.
2. What are the factors that determine soil formation?
3. What are the important features of contour farming and terrace farming? How are they helpful
in soil conservation?
4. Which factors are responsible for the qualitative decline in the purity of water resources?
5. Describe any six measures to promote conservation of water.​

Answer 1

1. Like a biography, each profile tells a story about the life of a soil. Most soils have three major horizons (A, B, C) and some have an organic horizon (O). ... O -(humus or organic) Mostly organic matter such as decomposing leaves. The O horizon is thin in some soils, thick in others, and not present at all in others.
2. Scientists attribute soil formation to the following factors: Parent material, climate, biota (organisms), topography and time.
3. The water break also allows more time for the water to settle into the soil. In contour ploughing, the ruts made by the plow run perpendicular rather than parallel to slopes, generally resulting in furrows that curve around the land and are level. This method is also known for preventing tillage erosion.
4. The main causes for qualitative decline in the purity of water resources are as follows:

• 5)Sewage- This contains waste water from our household and other domestic waste dumped into water bodies.
• Industrial waste- This includes wastes discharged from factories, refineries into the water bodies.

1. Use a broom instead of a hose to sweep sidewalks and driveways.
2. Install a low-flow showerhead.
3. When washing dishes by hand, use a sink full of rinse water rather than letting the water run. 11. Limit shower time to 5 minutes or less.
4. Fix leaks!
5. Take showers instead of baths

Answer 2

Answer

1) Like a biography, each profile tells a story about the life of a soil. Most soils have three major horizons (A, B, C) and some have an organic horizon (O). ... O -(humus or organic) Mostly organic matter such as decomposing leaves. The O horizon is thin in some soils, thick in others, and not present at all in others.

2) Scientists attribute soil formation to the following factors: Parent material, climate, biota (organisms), topography and time

3) The water break also allows more time for the water to settle into the soil. In contour ploughing, the ruts made by the plow run perpendicular rather than parallel to slopes, generally resulting in furrows that curve around the land and are level. This method is also known for preventing tillage erosion.

4) factors responsible for qualitative decline in the

Sewage- This contains waste water from our household and other domestic waste dumped into water bodies.

Industrial waste- This includes wastes discharged from factories, refineries into the water bodies. ...

Oil spills- Oils released from oil drums which are accidentally discharged from ships into the water bodies.

5) In hill and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like the ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’ of the Western Himalayas for agriculture.

‘Rooftop rain water harvesting’ was commonly practised to store drinking water, particularly in Rajasthan.

In the flood plains of Bengal, people developed inundation channels to irrigate their fields.

In arid and semi-arid regions, agricultural fields were converted into rain fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil like the ‘khadins’ in Jaisalmer and ‘Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan.

Turn off the faucet while brushing your teeth, shaving, washing your hands, or rinsing dishes or vegetables. Each minute you have it off saves at least 3 gallons.

Adjust the amount of water coming out of the tap. An aerator installed on a faucet will reduce the flow by 25 to 50 per cent.

Plant densely in your garden.

Explanation:

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