Various physio chemical factors responsible for environmental pollution
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Atmosphere is a mixture of various gases which contains nitrogen 78 per cent, Oxygen20.09 per cent, Argon 0.93 per cent and Carbon dioxide is 0.03 per cent . Apart from these, other gases like Helium, Hydrogen, Neon, Xenon, Krypton and Ozone are also found in atmosphere. Human being and any living creature can live long with out food and water ,but could not be alive with out air (Oxygen). A common man inhales 22,000 times in 24 hours and inhales 16 kg of air within this time. Fuel combustion, smelting of ores,petroleum refining,chemical industries, volcanic activities and trash burning of vegetation are main source of the pollution. Scholars divides source of pollution in four groups namely stationary combustion,mobile combustion,industrial processing and natural sources air pollution. Pollutants also classified into particulate(including solid and liquid) and gaseous in the state of normal temperature and pressure. Pollutants have their own effects. For instance,Particulate matter results dust and smoke particle cause irritation of respiratory tract and produces bronchitis asthma and lung disease. It also suspended in air and absorb light which is hazardous to vehicles in summer and winter because sunlight reduction.
Carbon monoxide: Carbon monoxide accounts 50 per cent of the total atmospheric pollutants. It is formed by incomplete combustion of carbon fuels in various industries, motor vehicles, hearths, kitchen, cigarette smoke etc. Sulphur Oxide : They occur mostly in the form of sulphur dioxide. It is produced in large quantity during smelting of metallic ores like iron, copper, lead, zinc, nickel ...etc and burning of petroleum and coil industry, thermal plants,home and motor vehicles. SO2 combine with water in air and form sulphurous acids which causes acidic rain. It also results in discoloration and deterioration of building, sculptures, painted surfaces, fabric, paper, leather..... etc. Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Dioxide, Fluorides, Benzpyrene, Ozone (protect earth from energy ultra-violet radiation found in stratosphere) are some effects of pollutants...