Velocity is speed with direction. But how does something with speed not have direction?
Answers
If the velocity and acceleration are in the same direction (both have the same sign - both positive or both negative) the object is speeding up. If the velocity and acceleration are in opposite directions (they have opposite signs), the object is slowing down.
If an object is moving downwards, then its velocity is described as being downwards. So an airplane moving towards the west with a speed of 300 mi/hr has a velocity of 300 mi/hr, west. Note that speed has no direction (it is a scalar) and the velocity at any instant is simply the speed value with a direction.
Acceleration is a vector in the same direction as the change in velocity, Δv. Since velocity is a vector, it can change either in magnitude or in direction. When an object slows down, its acceleration is opposite to the direction of its motion.
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