Verify experimentally that sini/sinr is a constant ?
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Equipment:
A rectangular slab of glass, a laser pointer, a few sheets of paper, a sharp pencil, a ruler, and a protractor
Procedure:
Place a flat sheet of paper on a flat surface.
Place or mount the laser pointer such that its ray is not only horizontal to the sheet of paper, but also travels very close to its surface and leaves a streak (line) of red light on the paper. Some adjustment and practice is crucial.
When an uninterrupted streak of light is present, place the rectangular or square slab of glass on the flat paper such that the laser ray is incident on a clear side it (as shown in the figure) and exits from the opposite side. With a sharp pencil, draw four straight lines around the slab in order to register the location of the slab on the paper.l
The ray incident on side AA of the slab making angle i1 with NN does refract and enters the slab through angle r1. See Fig. 5. In glass, it travels to the opposite side BB and becomes incident on the other side through angle i2 and finally refracts back into air through angle r2. Mark two points on the incoming ray and two dots on the outgoing ray (with the sharpened pencil) in order to register their locations. Make sure to mark points 1 and 2 (points of incidence) as well.
Lift the slab and turn the laser off. On the paper, connect the marked points in order to reproduce the laser ray trace.
Draw two NN (Normal) lines as seen in the figure at points marked 1 and 2. Measure angles i1, r1, i2, and r2 by a protractor.
Use i1 and r1 and the Snell�s formula to find n, the refraction index of the glass slab. Use i2 and r2to find n again. Find the average of the two values you find for n. Use this average as your measured value for n.
Calculate a percent error using an accepted value of naccepted = 1.50 for regular clear glass.
Data:
Given: naccepted = 1.50 (for regular clear glass)
Measured: Angles i1, r1, i2, and r2
Calculations: Apply the Snell�s formula to find n once by i1and r1, and once by i2 and r2.
Comparison of the Results: Calculate a %error on n using the usual %error formula.
Conclusion:
A rectangular slab of glass, a laser pointer, a few sheets of paper, a sharp pencil, a ruler, and a protractor
Procedure:
Place a flat sheet of paper on a flat surface.
Place or mount the laser pointer such that its ray is not only horizontal to the sheet of paper, but also travels very close to its surface and leaves a streak (line) of red light on the paper. Some adjustment and practice is crucial.
When an uninterrupted streak of light is present, place the rectangular or square slab of glass on the flat paper such that the laser ray is incident on a clear side it (as shown in the figure) and exits from the opposite side. With a sharp pencil, draw four straight lines around the slab in order to register the location of the slab on the paper.l
The ray incident on side AA of the slab making angle i1 with NN does refract and enters the slab through angle r1. See Fig. 5. In glass, it travels to the opposite side BB and becomes incident on the other side through angle i2 and finally refracts back into air through angle r2. Mark two points on the incoming ray and two dots on the outgoing ray (with the sharpened pencil) in order to register their locations. Make sure to mark points 1 and 2 (points of incidence) as well.
Lift the slab and turn the laser off. On the paper, connect the marked points in order to reproduce the laser ray trace.
Draw two NN (Normal) lines as seen in the figure at points marked 1 and 2. Measure angles i1, r1, i2, and r2 by a protractor.
Use i1 and r1 and the Snell�s formula to find n, the refraction index of the glass slab. Use i2 and r2to find n again. Find the average of the two values you find for n. Use this average as your measured value for n.
Calculate a percent error using an accepted value of naccepted = 1.50 for regular clear glass.
Data:
Given: naccepted = 1.50 (for regular clear glass)
Measured: Angles i1, r1, i2, and r2
Calculations: Apply the Snell�s formula to find n once by i1and r1, and once by i2 and r2.
Comparison of the Results: Calculate a %error on n using the usual %error formula.
Conclusion:
abhi1473:
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make a chart
place a semi circle glass disc so that its diameter coincides with line MM
send a laser light along a line which makes 15 degrees with NN
reapeat this experiment with different values of angle of incidence refraction and note them in a table
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