Very Short Answer Questions-
1. Name the three states of matter. Give one example of each.
2. What are the two ways in which the physical state of matter can be changed?
3. Explain how gases can be liquefied?
4. What is sublimation? Give examples.
5. Define latent heat of fusion.
6. Define latent heat of vaporization.
7. What produces more severe burns, boiling water or steam?
8. How can the boiling point of a liquid be raised, without adding any impurity?
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Answers
Answer:
1 answer The three states of matter are the three distinct physical forms that matter can take in most environments: solid, liquid, and gas. In extreme environments, other states may be present, such as plasma, Bose-Einstein condensates, and neutron stars.
Answer:
1. There are three states of matter namely solid, liquid and gas. Solid state : In this state, the molecules are arranged in regular and repeating pattern. The molecules are closely packed that means they are fixed and vibrate in place but they can not move from one place to another.
2. Matter can change from one state to another if heated or cooled. If ice (a solid) is heated it changes to water (a liquid). This change is called MELTING. If water is heated, it changes to steam (a gas).
3.In general, gases can be liquefied by one of three methods: (1) by compressing the gas at temperatures less than its critical temperature; (2) by making the gas do some kind of work against an external force, which causes the gas to lose energy and change to the liquid state; and (3) by making gas do work against its
4. Sublimation, including melting, freezing, and evaporation, is a form of phase transition, or shift in a state of matter.
5. The enthalpy of fusion of a substance, also known as (latent) heat of fusion is the change in its enthalpy resulting from providing energy, typically heat, to a specific quantity of the substance to change its state from a solid to a liquid, at constant pressure.
6. Latent heat of vapourisation is a physical property of a substance. When a material in liquid state is given energy, it changes its phase from liquid to vapour without change in temperature, the energy absorbed in the process is called latent heat of vaporization.
7. Steam causes more severe burns.
So, when steam falls on skin and condenses to produce water it gives out 22.5 x 105 J/kg more heat than boiling water at the same temperature. Steam has more energy than boiling water. Therefore, burns produced by steam are more severe than those produced by boiling water.
8. In order to raise the boiling point of a liquid without adding anything in it, we can increase the pressure around the liquid, this can delay the boiling of the liquid and elevate the boiling point. By increasing the pressure, the liquid's boiling point can be increased without adding any soluble impurities.