visit your garden and collect leaves with white patches and observe the fungus infected leaves. write a comparison between normal and infected leaves
Answers
Answer:A plant pathologist or a student taking plant pathology is often asked by friends or associates the following questions. What is wrong with my plant; followed by, what can I do to get rid of the problem? It may be too late to help the specific plant when the question is asked, but proper diagnosis may be extremely important in preventing the problem on other plants or in preventing the problem in the future.
How does a plant pathologist or a plant pathology student go about diagnosing plant problems? The diagnostician must have very good observation skills, and s/he also needs to be a good detective. It is important to keep an open mind until all of the facts related to the problem can be collected. The possibility of multiple causal factors must also be considered.
Control measures depend on proper identification of diseases and of the causal agents. Therefore, diagnosis is one of the most important aspects of a plant pathologist's training. Without proper identification of the disease and the disease-causing agent, disease control measures can be a waste of time and money and can lead to further plant losses. Proper disease diagnosis is therefore vital.
Often, plant pathologists have to rely on symptoms for the identification of a disease problem. For example, Dr. Shoe is asked by Ms. Green to examine azaleas in her nursery. When Dr. Shoe gets to the nursery, he observes that the azaleas in Greenhouse 1 are wilted. When he removes plants from their pots, the roots appear to be rotten. Ms. Green wants to know right away what she should do with the azaleas in Greenhouse 2 where no wilting is currently being observed. Dr. Shoe is asked to make recommendations even before he has looked at plants in the second greenhouse. Because similar symptoms can be produced in response to different causal agents, the use of symptoms alone is often an inadequate method for disease identification. The identification of the disease-causing agent may take a week or more. What can Dr. Shoe do for Ms. Green now?
One of the most important things is for Dr. Shoe to use his powers of observation. He needs to ask many questions related to the azalea's care and culture in order to eliminate or identify possible causes of the problem. He also needs to consider various environmental and cultural factors. As a result of his questions and observations he may:
Be able to identify a disease and disease-causing agent,
Be able to narrow the problem down to several possibilities which will require further study in the laboratory before he can make a final diagnosis, or
Be completely baffled by the problem
Explanation:
natural variegation
disease (fungal, viral, bacterial)
damage (insects, sun, breakage, etc.)
The difference between the “normal” leaf and the “patched” one usually lies on the molecular level. Either the pigment that makes the leaf green - most notably chlorophyll - is not present in the white areas (variegation,) or the molecular constituents of the pigment and surrounding cells inside the leaf have been damaged or removed by the infecting agent or by the physical damage itself.
The variegated leaf is going to do less photosynthesis than the solid-colored one, although it’s ability to move air and water through the stomata isn’t affected.
The physically damaged leaf is also going to have impaired photosynthesizing (depending on the extent of the damage,) but may well also have impairment of other leaf functions. If the damage is past a certain point, some species of plant will drop the damaged leaf.
The infected leaf will probably also be impaired in its ability to photosynthesize and carry on other life functions, but in addition, it’s harboring the infectious agent and allowing it to spread, which threatens the rest of the plant, and possibly other plants as well. The leaf may well contain some defensive compounds with which the plant is able to fight off invaders. Also, in some plant species, the plant may be able to drop the infected leaf.
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