vulnerable groups of biological hazards
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Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
Effects of Biological Agents on Health — Infectious Hazards
Many micro-organisms have the ability to colonise human hosts, particularly parts of the body that are moist and where there are plenty of nutrients present, eg the eye and the mucous membranes of the respiratory, digestive and urogenital tracts. Most of these organisms, known as “commensals”, are harmless and may even be beneficial.
A relatively small number of organisms have developed specific mechanisms to enable them to colonise hosts, evade or counter host defence mechanisms and cause disease. These are called “pathogens” and include the causative agents of anthrax, tuberculosis, cholera, malaria and influenza.
Some organisms, while not able to cause disease in normal, healthy hosts, may be able to harm people with reduced resistance to infection, eg individuals with a defective immune system. These organisms are known as “opportunist pathogens”.
Modes of Transmission
The most common routes of transmission are through:
direct contact with an infected person or animal
contact with infected blood, body fluids, tissues and organs
contact with contaminated objects, eg fomites
a bite or sting from an infected arthropod, eg insect or mite
ingestion, eg contaminated food or drink
inhalation of airborne particles, dusts or droplet aerosols, eg tubercle bacteria in sputum samples.
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Answer:
Explanation:
This is the internationally accepted symbol for a biologically hazardous substance. It serves as a symbolic warning to individuals to avoid or handle with care vulnerability to Biological Hazards
A society or community can be seen as vulnerable to biological hazards because of the following:
*Poor sanitation practices: indiscriminate dumping, polluting of drainage channels and sewers, consumption of contaminated water or food etc.
*Hospitals and medical centres dispose of medical wastes improperly
*Individuals do not practice safe sex or have generally poor hygiene
*Limited border control and protection
*Lack of understanding of the risks and causes of the hazards
*Limited or non-existent hazard response capabilities i.e. trained and well equipped personnel who know how to respond to a biologically hazardous incident.
*Limited or non-existent hazard response capabilities i.e. trained and well equipped personnel who know how to respond to a biologically hazardous incident.
*Limited access to vaccines that prevent the spread
*No known cure or vaccine for biological agents
*Civil unrest, malicious intent or terrorist activity existing the country
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