Question

Wading technique is used a) to determine velocity sea wave during tsunami b) to determine thickness of sanal lining

Answer 1

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Introduction

The tsunami generation/propagation problem has been a core focus of tsunami research. Laboratory experiments can accurately control the size and duration of the tsunami source and can observe the generation and propagation processes in situ, which is very useful for studying the fundamental fluid dynamics of tsunamis (e.g., Hammack, 1973). Since a limited number of observation stations exist in the vast ocean, and tsunamis are usually recorded at stations far from the source region, waveforms observed inside the source region are rarely analyzed, and the nature of tsunamis are difficult to determine in detail. On 11 March, 2011, a huge MW 9.1 earthquake, known as the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, occurred off the Pacific coast of northeastern Honshu, Japan, where numerous sensors, such as seismometers, GPS stations, thermometers, and pressure gauges, were deployed (e.g., Ito et al., 2011; Sato et al., 2011). By analyzing the tsunami waveforms, in particular, those recorded inside the source region, Saito et al. (2011) estimated the tsunami source with high resolution. Also, after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) started to construct a dense ocean-bottom network in and around the source region of the Tohoku earthquake (Fig. 1) in order to detect seismic and tsunami signals more rapidly, and to contribute to more reliable seismic and tsunami warnings in the case of future gigantic earthquakes (e.g. Kanazawa and Shinohara, 2009; Monastersky, 2012; Uehira et al., 2012; Kanazawa, 2013). In order to fully interpret nearfield tsunami records or the sea-bottom pressure within the source region, theoretical models that can correctly include the tsunami