Water ethyl acetate and isopropyl alcohol and ammonia
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When heated to 150–220 °C over a silica- or alumina-supported nickel catalyst, ethanol and ammonia react to produce ethylamine. Further reaction leads to diethylamine and triethylamine:
CH3CH2OH + NH3 → CH3CH2NH2 + H2O
In example reaction (ammonia + ethanol), the product of the reaction has a better leaving group (NH3NH3, conjugate base of NH+4NH4+, which has a pKapKa of +9.75+9.75) than the OH−OH− leaving group in the reactant, so the reaction will also run in reverse, and the equilibrium will strongly favor the reactants.
CH3CH2OH+NH3↽−−⇀CH3CH2NH+3+OH− Ka<<1
Acetone will react with ammonia. Acetone will act as an Lewis Acid and ammonia will act as a Lewis Base in this situation. The nitrogen in NH3 is very reactive because of its lone pair of electrons(The nitrogen is delta -ve), so it will attack the carbon cation center of the acetone (which is delta +ve).
*remember Lewis Base is electron pair donor and Lewis acid is electron pair acceptor. There is resonance in acetone too when it accept electrons. Remember the arrow-pushing technique.
CH3CH2OH + NH3 → CH3CH2NH2 + H2O
In example reaction (ammonia + ethanol), the product of the reaction has a better leaving group (NH3NH3, conjugate base of NH+4NH4+, which has a pKapKa of +9.75+9.75) than the OH−OH− leaving group in the reactant, so the reaction will also run in reverse, and the equilibrium will strongly favor the reactants.
CH3CH2OH+NH3↽−−⇀CH3CH2NH+3+OH− Ka<<1
Acetone will react with ammonia. Acetone will act as an Lewis Acid and ammonia will act as a Lewis Base in this situation. The nitrogen in NH3 is very reactive because of its lone pair of electrons(The nitrogen is delta -ve), so it will attack the carbon cation center of the acetone (which is delta +ve).
*remember Lewis Base is electron pair donor and Lewis acid is electron pair acceptor. There is resonance in acetone too when it accept electrons. Remember the arrow-pushing technique.
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