Wave function of Hydrogen atom
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The wave functions ψnlm(r,θ,φ) = Rnl(r)Ylm(θ,φ) are products of functions Rnl(r), which depend only on the coordinate r, and the spherical harmonics Ylm(θ,φ), which depend only on the angular coordinates. They are characterized by three quantum numbers, n, l, and m. The electron has three spatial degrees of freedom.
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The hydrogen atom represents the simplest possible atom, since it consists of only one proton and one electron. The electron is bound, or confined. Its potential energy function U(r) expresses its electrostatic potential energy as a function of its distance r from the proton.
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