Question

Wch pair of atoms has the most polar bond? O−N P−Cl K−CL C−O

Answer 1

Which is the most polar bond, P-F or N-CI?

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3 ANSWERS



Sam Perrett, studied at University of Edinburgh

Answered Apr 19, 2017

Bond polarity depends on the difference in the electronegativity of the atoms in the bond. Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. The Pauling scale is the most commonly used. Fluorine (the most electronegative element) is given a value of 3.98, and values range down to caesium and francium which are the least electronegative at 0.79.

In the case of this question phosphorous (P) has an electronegativity of 2.19. So for the P-F bond, the difference in electronegativity is 1.79 (3.98–2.19). Nitrogen (N) has an electronegativity of 3.04 and chlorine (Cl) 3.16, so the N-Cl bond has difference of 0.12 (3.16–3.04).

The P-F is by far the more polar bond.

Answer 2

The pair of atoms that has the most polar bond is $K-Cl$.

Explanation:

• The polarity of a bond depends upon the electronegativity of the bonding atoms.
• In $KCl$, $K$ is highly electropositive (E.N. $=0.82$) while $Cl$ is electronegative (E.N. $=3.19$).
• Therefore, the $K-Cl$ bond has the maximum electronegativity difference, i.e. $\[3.19 - 0.82 = 2.37\]$.
• On the other hand, The electronegativity difference of pair of atoms can be given as:
• $O-N$ bond: $3.44 (O)-3.04 (N)=0.4$
• $P-Cl$ bond: $3.19 (Cl)-2.19 (P)=1.0$
• $C-O$ bond: $3.44 (O)-2.55 (C)=0.89$
• Thus, the most polar bond is $K-Cl$ having the maximum electronegativity difference.

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