Question

we improve our immunity to defeat corona virus?
8) Draw the diagrams of Animal Cell and Plant Cell. Write the differences between
them. What are the constituents of Phloem and Xyle. Select the following features
of Phloem and Xylem.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Get the nutrients you need: Eat a balanced diet that consists of plenty of fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Fill half of your plate with fruits and vegetables. Eat a variety of vegetables, especially dark-green varieties. Fruits and vegetables are loaded with immunity-boosting capabilities, including key nutrients such as vitamins A and C. A healthful diet and exercise are important to maintaining a strong immune system. Some of the foods touted for their immune-boosting properties are ginger, citrus fruits, turmeric, oregano oil to name a few. While more research is required, some studies suggest that vitamin D may improve immune response, helping your body fight off respiratory illness.
2. Be physically active: A healthy adult needs at least 2 hours and 30 minutes of physical activity every week. Choose activities that you enjoy, and start by doing as much as you can. Exercise has been shown to fight off infections, although experts aren’t fully sure how it helps. Some theories include flushing bacteria through the lungs, temporarily increasing body temperature to kill bacteria and decreasing stress hormones.
3. Manage your stress: While there is no need to panic, it is advisable that we follow the instructions that are being issued to the public. Worries about the coronavirus and the general disruption of life have added to our stress levels, but we know that stress also can make us more susceptible to respiratory illness like COVID-19.
4. Improve your sleep habits: A healthy immune system can help avoid or fight off infection. A sleep-deprived immune system doesn’t work as well. It has been shown that short sleepers - those who regularly slept less than six hours a night - are more likely to catch the infections compared with those who got more than seven hours of sleep. Stick to a regular bedtime and wake-up schedule. Avoid screens, late-night eating and exercise right before bedtime.
5. Practice good hygiene: Remeber, keeping germs at bay by following good personal hygiene habits is the first line of defense. You can prevent infection before it begins or avoid spreading it to others by maintaining good hand and respiratory hygiene, avoiding crowded placess, not smoking, etc.

What are the differences between animal and plant cells?

All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of a living organism and where all life processes are carried out.

• Animal cells and plant cells share the common components of a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria and a cell membrane.
• Plant cells have three extra components, a vacuole, chloroplast and a cell wall.

Animal cells

Animals are made up of millions of cells. Animal cells have an irregular structure and are made up of four key parts:

• Nucleus – This contains genetic material (DNA), and controls the cell's activity.
• Cell membrane – A flexible layer that surrounds the cell and controls the substances that enter and exit.
• Cytoplasm – A jelly-like substance where the chemical reactions happen.
• Mitochondria – This is where energy is released from the food molecules.

Plant cells

Plants are also made up of millions of cells. Plant cells have a nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria too, but they also contain the following structures:

• Cell wall – A hard layer outside the cell membrane, containing cellulose to provide strength to the plant.
• Vacuole – A space inside the cell that is used to store substances and help the cell keep its shape.

• Chloroplasts – Structures that contain the green pigment chlorophyll, which are a key part of photosynthesis.

Xylem transport water and minerals from roots to stem and leaves whereas Phloem transport food from leaves to other parts of plant

The constituent of phloem are phloem fibres, phloem parenchyma , comapanion cells and seive tubes.

The constituent of xylem is xylem parenchyma, xylem fibres tracheids and vessels.

In the constituents of xylem and phloem , some cell have a thick cell wall like fibres that help in rigidity and support and some are thin walled .

Xylem-Unidirectional

Phloem- Bidierectional

Both tissue cells have cell wall and are permeable.