what a biodiversity? define three levels of biodiversity.
Answers
Answer:
Biodiversity, or Biological Diversity, is the sum of all the different species of plants, animals, fungi and microbial organisms that live on Earth, including the various ecosystems in which they live on. Biodiversity also includes the genetic information that these organisms contain.
Biodiversity further classifies into three major types. They are:
Genetic Diversity
Species Diversity
Ecological Diversity
Let us now look at these classifications in more detail.
Browse more Topics under Biodiversity And Conservation
Conservation of Biodiversity
Genetic Diversity
It is basically the variety of species expressed at the genetic level by each individual in a species. No two individuals belonging to the same species are exactly similar. For example, in the species of human beings, each human shows a lot of diversity in comparison to another human. People living in different regions show a great level of variation.
Species Diversity
It is the biodiversity observed within a community. It stands for the number and distribution of species. The number of species in a region varies widely depending upon the varied environmental conditions. For example, it is usually observed that civilizations residing beside water bodies show more species than the one compared to the areas away from water bodies.
Ecological diversity
It defines the diversity observed among the ecosystems in a particular region. Different ecosystems like mangroves, rainforests, deserts, etc., show a great variety of life forms residing in them.
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability amongst all groups of residing organisms and the surroundings complexes wherein they arise.
In the Convention of Biological Diversity (1992), biodiversity has been defined as the variability among dwelling organisms from all sources including inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they're a part.
Levels of Biodiversity:
It might also range from the genetic level inside a species to the diversity found in exceptional biomes, based on which three categories of biodiversity are recognized:
1. Genetic Diversity:
When the genes within the same species display one of a kind versions due to new combos, it's far referred to as genetic variability or diversity. It is the simple supply of biodiversity. Genes are the simple units of hereditary information transmitted from one generation to other.
2. Species Diversity:
This is the range discovered within the population of a species or between species of a network. It represents extensively the species richness and their abundance in a community. There are two popular indices for measuring species diversity known as the Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index.
3. Ecosystem Diversity:
This is the range of ecological complexity showing versions in bodily characters, ecological niches, trophic shape, food webs, nutrient cycling etc. The ecosystem versions which recognize the physical parameters consist of moisture, temperature, altitude, prescription etc. Thus, there occurs an awesome range in the ecosystems, alongside those gradients.
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