what according to you may the reason be for the female IMR begin higher than the male IMR
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Answer:
A female infant is more likely to survive in only five out of 29 states, according to the 2017 Sample Registration Survey (SRS), with the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) overall dropping a notch to 33 in 2017 from 34 in 2016.
IMR is defined as deaths of infants less than one year old, per thousand live births.Female infants experienced higher mortality rates than male infants in all states except Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand, as per the survey.
The report, based on a three-year survey from 2015-17, was recently released by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India (Census of India), under the Ministry of Home Affairs.Among states, MP (47) recorded the highest IMR overall, while it was lowest in Kerala (10).
IMR of male infants (48) in MP was, however, higher compared to female infants (45). The trend is similar for urban and rural MP, where IMR for female infants was recorded at 29 (urban) and 49 (rural), compared to 34 and 52, respectively, for male infants. On the contrary, Kerala, which registered the lowest IMR overall, has a higher mortality rate when it comes to female infants, in both urban and rural areas.
As per the survey, the southern state recorded IMR of 9 and 10 for male infants for rural and urban Kerala, respectively, compared with 10 and 11 for female infants in the same regions.
Assam (44) recorded the highest IMR after MP, followed by UP (41).
The IMR came down from 57.1 in 2005-07 to 34.7 in 2015-17, a decline of 39.2%, according to the SRS.
Among the bigger states, the decline varies from 52.4% in Jammu & Kashmir to 21.4% in Uttarakhand.
In rural areas, decline in IMR varies from 52.8% in Jammu & Kashmir to 27.5% in Kerala. In urban areas, the highest decline in IMR during the period has been 55.3% in TN, it states.
The mortality rate of children between the age group of 0-4 years was estimated at 8.9, with rural India showing high morality at 10.0 compared to 6.0 in urban areas.
For children below the age of five, the mortality rate is estimated at 37 and it varies from 42 in rural areas to 25 in urban areas.
The under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching the age of five. According to the SRS report, 28.9% of the deaths occurred at government hospitals, and it varies from 26.7% in rural areas to 35% in urban areas.
In 2016, the percentage of deaths occurring at government hospitals was 28.5%. Deaths in private hospitals account for 18.1%.
About 19.8% of deaths occurred due to untrained functionaries.