Question

What are acids and bases. Give two tests to distinguish these

Answer 1

Answer:

Basis Acid Base

Definition An acid is any chemical compound once dissolved in water produces a solution with hydrogen ion activity more than purified water A base is an aqueous substance that could absorb hydrogen ions.

Strength Relies on the concentration of the hydronium ions Relies on the concentration of the hydroxide ions

Examples Acetic acid CH3COOH and sulphuric acid Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Ammonia

Characteristics (Physical) Would depend upon the temperature acids would look solid, liquid or in the form of gas. It would also have a sour taste. Bases would feel slippery and solid in nature except ammonia which is gaseous. It would have a bitter taste.

Disassociation Acids would release hydrogen ions (h+) when mixed with water Bases would release hydroxide ions(OH-) when mixed with water

Test with Litmus Would turn litmus paper red Would turn litmus paper blue

Answer 2

Answer:

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An acid is a substance that donates protons or accepts a pair of valence electrons to form a bond.

A base is a substance that can accept protons or donate a pair of valence electrons to form a bond. Bases can be thought of as the chemical opposite of acids.

Difference between Acids and Bases:-

Method 1 of 2:

Testing with Litmus Paper:-

(1) Buy red and blue litmus paper.

(2) Dip one end of the blue litmus paper into the solution, then quickly remove it.

(3) Dip one end of the red litmus paper into the solution, then take it out immediately.

(4) Observe the colors of both strips of litmus paper to determine the pH.

{ If both strips have are red, then your solution is acidic. If both strips are blue, the solution is basic. If one strip is blue and the other is red, then the solution is neutral.}

Method 2 of 2:

Using pH Paper:-

(1) Purchase pH testing strips.

(2) Dip a strip into the solution for several seconds.

(3) Read the provided chart to determine the pH of the solution.

{• Acids are represented by bright reds. Less acidic solutions are orange or yellow.

• Neutral solutions are gray to green.

•Basic or alkaline solutions are blues and purples.}

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