What are cell organelles? Name the various cell organelles and list their functions.
Answers
Answer:
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of a living organism. According to cell theory postulates, a cell is the basic building blocks of life, which makes anything alive and is self-sufficient to carry out all the fundamental functions of an organism.
The cellular components are called the cell organelles. These cell organelles include both membrane and non-membrane bound organelles, present within the cells and are distinct in their structures and functions. They coordinate and functions efficiently for the normal functioning of the cell. Few of them functions by providing shape and support, whereas some are involved in the locomotion and reproduction of a cell. There are various organelles present within the cell and are classified into three categories based on the presence or absence of membrane.
Organelles without membrane: The Cell wall, Ribosomes, and Cytoskeleton are non-membrane-bound cell organelles. They are present both in prokaryotic cell and the eukaryotic cell.
Single membrane-bound organelles: Vacuole, Lysosome, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum are single membrane-bound organelles present only in a eukaryotic cell.
Double membrane-bound organelles: Nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplast are double membrane-bound organelles present only in a eukaryotic cell.
Answer:
cell organelles are the organelles which carry out all the functions of cells. without these, cells cannot carry out any function
Explanation:
cell consists of many cell organelles based on which cell they are i.e. animal cell or plant cell.
ANIMAL CELL
MITOCHONDRIA : it is called the powerhouse of the cell. it converts food into energy in the form of ATP
GOLGI APPARATUS : it is responsible for packaging, modifying and storage of food. they also produce ribosomes.
NUCLEUS : it is the control center of the cell. it controls the heridatery charecteristics and all the activities of the cell
CELL MEMBRANE : it is a selectively permeable membrane which allows the in and out of certain particles such as oxygen.
CYTOPLASM: it is the semifluid jelly like fluid of the cell in which all the other cell organelles are suspended.
LYSOSOMES : they contain digestive enzymes which kill the unwanted particles which enter the cell. they are also called suicide bags of the cell.
RIBOSOMES : they help in protein synthesis.
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM : it is of 2 types smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). SER helps in synthesising Lipids and RER helps in synthesising ribosomes.
VACUOLES: they help in storage of waste.
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