What are chromosomes?
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The chromosomes of a cell are in the cell nucleus. They carry the genetic information. Chromosomes are made up of DNA and protein combined as chromatin. Each chromosome contains many genes. ... When they duplicate, chromosomes look like the letter "X".
In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. ... Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. The 22 autosomes are numbered by size.
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