what are consequences of dams
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The alteration of a river's flow and sediment transport downstream of a dam often causes the greatest sustained environmental impacts. Life in and around a river evolves and is conditioned on the timing and quantities of river flow.
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Dams are built worldwide to store water for
irrigation, flood control, and to generate electricity.
However, there are some negative environmental
effects of building large hydroelectric dams.
What's the best solution to the problems?
Dams are built all over the world to control floods,
store water and for the generation of electricity.
Until now some 800,000 dams have been
constructed worldwide. However, many negative
effects of large hydroelectric dams have come to
light, slowing the progression of future dams.
Not all dams are constructed for the
generation of electricity. Some of them are
just for the storage of water for the dry
months. There are different types of
hydroelectric power plants, and not all
require a reservoir of water. Here are three of the
main types:
1. Storage type hydroelectric power plants with
dams for collecting and storing water. Water can
be stored for summer months or for dry years,
depending on the capacity of the reservoir.
2. Run of the river type of hydroelectric power
plants that do not collect water but are built on
rivers which have a good flow and natural rivers
coming from a height having good potential
energy.
3. Pumped storage types of hydroelectric power
plants where water is pumped up to a reservoir in
off-peak hours and electricity is generated in peak
hours to supplement the production. It is like a
storage facility for electricity.
Advantages of Dams
1. Clean, efficient, and reliable form of energy.
2. Does not emit any direct pollutants or
greenhouse gases.
3. While the initial cost is high, they are very
inexpensive to operate.
4. Electricity generated by hydro-electric power
plants is the cheapest electricity generated.
5. Dams prevent floods.
6. Dams store water for irrigation in summer
seasons and dry months. Many desert areas can
now farm due to dams and canals that supply
water.
7. Dams supply water for local drinking needs.
8. Allows for fish farming.
Negative Impact of Dams
1. In flat basins large dams cause flooding of
large tracts of land, destroying local animals and
habitats.
2. People have to be displaced causing change
in life style and customs, even causing emotional
scarring. About 40 to 80 million people have been
displaced physically by dams worldwide.
3. Large amounts of plant life are submerged
and decay anaerobically (in the absence of
oxygen) generating greenhouse gases like
methane. It is estimated that a hydroelectric
power plant produces 3.5 times the amount of
greenhouse gases as a thermal power plant
burning fossil fuels.
irrigation, flood control, and to generate electricity.
However, there are some negative environmental
effects of building large hydroelectric dams.
What's the best solution to the problems?
Dams are built all over the world to control floods,
store water and for the generation of electricity.
Until now some 800,000 dams have been
constructed worldwide. However, many negative
effects of large hydroelectric dams have come to
light, slowing the progression of future dams.
Not all dams are constructed for the
generation of electricity. Some of them are
just for the storage of water for the dry
months. There are different types of
hydroelectric power plants, and not all
require a reservoir of water. Here are three of the
main types:
1. Storage type hydroelectric power plants with
dams for collecting and storing water. Water can
be stored for summer months or for dry years,
depending on the capacity of the reservoir.
2. Run of the river type of hydroelectric power
plants that do not collect water but are built on
rivers which have a good flow and natural rivers
coming from a height having good potential
energy.
3. Pumped storage types of hydroelectric power
plants where water is pumped up to a reservoir in
off-peak hours and electricity is generated in peak
hours to supplement the production. It is like a
storage facility for electricity.
Advantages of Dams
1. Clean, efficient, and reliable form of energy.
2. Does not emit any direct pollutants or
greenhouse gases.
3. While the initial cost is high, they are very
inexpensive to operate.
4. Electricity generated by hydro-electric power
plants is the cheapest electricity generated.
5. Dams prevent floods.
6. Dams store water for irrigation in summer
seasons and dry months. Many desert areas can
now farm due to dams and canals that supply
water.
7. Dams supply water for local drinking needs.
8. Allows for fish farming.
Negative Impact of Dams
1. In flat basins large dams cause flooding of
large tracts of land, destroying local animals and
habitats.
2. People have to be displaced causing change
in life style and customs, even causing emotional
scarring. About 40 to 80 million people have been
displaced physically by dams worldwide.
3. Large amounts of plant life are submerged
and decay anaerobically (in the absence of
oxygen) generating greenhouse gases like
methane. It is estimated that a hydroelectric
power plant produces 3.5 times the amount of
greenhouse gases as a thermal power plant
burning fossil fuels.
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