what are difference between atomic orbitals molecular orbitals in 5 points
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Answer:
Atoms join together to form molecules. When two atoms move closer together to form a molecule, atomic orbitals overlap and combine to become molecular orbitals. The number of newly formed molecular orbitals is equal to the number of combined atomic orbitals. Furthermore, the molecular orbital surrounds the two nuclei of the atoms, and electrons can move around both nuclei. Similar to atomic orbitals, molecular orbitals maximally contain 2 electrons, which have opposite spins.
Max Born pointed out a physical meaning to the square of the wave function (Ψ2) after Schrodinger put forward his theory. According to Born, Ψ2 expresses the probability of finding an electron in a particular location; if Ψ2 is a large value, then the probability of finding the electron in that space is higher. Therefore, in the space, the electron probability density is large. However, if the Ψ2 is low, then the electron probability density is low. The plots of Ψ2 in x, y and z axes show these probabilities, and they take the shape of s, p, d and f orbitals. We call these atomic orbitals.
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