Question

what are enzyme how are they classified mention example of each class​

Answer 1

Answer:

Defination:

An enzyme is a protein or RNA produced by living cells, which is highly specific and highly catalytic to its substrates. Enzymes are a very important type of macromolecular biological catalysts. Due to the action of enzymes, chemical reactions in organisms can also be carried out efficiently and specifically under mild conditions.

Classification:

According to the type of reactions that the enzymes catalyze, enzymes are classified into seven categories, which are oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases, and translocases. Oxidoreductases, transferases and hydrolases are the most abundant forms of enzymes. Individual enzyme classes are further classified systematically based on the chemical name of the substrate and its reaction mechanism.

1]EC 1  

Oxidoreductases:

Catalyze redox reaction and can be categorized into oxidase and reductase.

2]EC 2

Transferases  :

Catalyze the transfer or exchange of certain groups among some substrates

3]EC 3  

Hydrolases:

Accelerate the hydrolysis of substrates

4]EC 4  

Lyases:

Promote the removal of a group from the substrate to leave a double bond reaction or catalyze its reverse reaction

5]EC 5

Isomerases:  

Facilitate the conversion of isoisomers, geometric isomers or optical isomers.

6]EC 6  

Ligases:

Catalyze the synthesis of two molecular substrates into one molecular compound with the release energy

7]EC 7  

Translocases:  

Catalyze the movement of ions or molecules across membranes or their separation within membranes

Answer 2

Answer:

Enzymes may be defined as the biocatalyst that are required to increase the speed of the biochemical reactions in the body. Enzymes have been classified on the basis of their functions.

1. Oxidoreductases:  These enzymes catalyze redox reaction and can be categorized into oxidation and reduction enzyme. Example: alcohol oxidoreductase.

2. Transferases  :  These enzymes is used for catalyze exchange of certain groups among the substrates. Example:  pyruvate dehydrogenase.

3. Hydrolases: These enzyme hydrolyze the substrate. Example: lipases.

4. Lyases: These enzymes is generally used for the  removal of a particular group that leave the double bond reaction or may catalyze the reverse reaction. Example: Dehydratases.

5. Isomerases:  These enzymes are responsible for the conversion of one enzymes into the other enzymes. Example; Phosphoglucoisomerase.