Question

What are
fats?write a detailed note on all types​

Answer 1

Answer:

Fat is a term used to describe a class of macro nutrients used in metabolism called triglycerides. These make up one of three classes of macronutrients including proteins and carbohydrates. Fats provide a means of storing energy for most eukaryotes, as well as act as a food source. Fats have the highest energy storage potential of the macronutrients, and are very chemically stable, making them ideal for storing energy for later use

Explanation:

Fat is organized into two subgroups: saturated fat, and unsaturated fat. Unsaturated fat is further classified as monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and trans-fat. These different classifications determine the effects of these fats on an organism, and the roles that they have in metabolism.

Saturated fat, or animal fat, is composed of a glycerol backbone with three fully saturated fatty acids attached. Saturated refers to all the carbons in the backbone being sp3 hybridized, with two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded per carbon. This class of fats have higher viscosity and energy content than their unsaturated cousins. Due to poor solubility issues, this is the type of fat that is most commonly associated with heart disease.

Unsaturated fat, or vegetable fat, is composed of a glycerol backbone with three fatty acid chains where there is at least one sp2 hybridized carbon. This forms a double bond somewhere in the chain. Monounsaturated fats have one double bond in the chain, while polyunsaturated fats have two or more.

Naturally occurring unsaturated fats, since they are produced by enzymes, have specific stereochemistry. Natural fats always show the cis conformation, which has a higher solubility in water, and is easily broken down by the metabolic machinery. Artificially produced fats, since they are produced using organic synthesis techniques, contain a racemic mixture of trans and cis bonds. Trans fats are less soluble – like saturated fats. However, they are not readily metabolized by cellular machinery.

Have a good day :)

Answer 2

Fat is a term used to describe a class of macro nutrients used in metabolism called triglycerides. These make up one of three classes of macronutrients including proteins and carbohydrates. Fats provide a means of storing energy for most eukaryotes, as well as act as a food sourcep