What are fertilizers ?classify fertilizers ?
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Answer:
Classification of fertilizers
The term fertilizer is defined in the Act. No. 156/1998 Coll., as amended. Fertilizers are considered substances containing nutrients for nutrition of crop plants and forest trees, to maintain or improve soil fertility and positive influence on yield or quality of production
Fertilizers are divided according to three basic aspects:
1. According to efficiency
a) straight fertilizers
b) auxiliary substances
2. According to origin
a) mineral fertilizers
b) manure
3. According to phase
a. solid fertilizers
b. liquid fertilizers
Straight fertilizers are substances that contain one or more plant nutrients, typically in large amounts, either mineral or in organic form. They provide plants with macro- or micro nutrients, including mineral fertilizers and manure.
Auxiliary substances contain plant nutrients in larger quantities, thus not supply nutrients to plants, but allow improving nutrition by editing environment or affecting the metabolism of plants so that the plants can utilize larger quantities of nutrients to yield formation.
Divided into:
1. Auxiliary soil substances – substances without effective amount of nutrients which would biologically, chemically or physically affect the soil, improving soil state or increasing the efficiency of fertilizers .
2. plant preparations – substances without effective amount of nutrients which otherwise favorably affect the development of cultivated plants or the quality of plant products.
Mineral fertilizers include all fertilizing substances manufactured outside the agricultural plant. They are mainly chemical products, mining and construction industries. The main representatives of this group are concentrated mineral fertilizers, which are divided into
1. one-component (straight) fertilizers – contain one nutrient as a major. They may also comprise accompanying ions, respectively micro elements. They are divided into nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, calcium and magnesium fertilizers.
2. multi-component (compound) fertilizers – fertilizers containing at least two or more major nutrients, may include accompanying ions and micro elements.. According to the nutrient content they are divided into fertilizers – double ones containing 2 major nutrients (NP, NK, PK), triple (full), fertilizers with micro nutrients and special group consists of fertilizers containing Sulphur .
According to the process of manufacture we distinguish multi-component mixed fertilizers (manufactured by mechanical mixing of one-component fertilizers and are either in powder or granulated form) and combined (manufactured by chemical processes of the original raw material)
Livestock manure are fertilizers which are characterized by a large volume, are produced in agricultural production and are divided into:
1. stable
a) farmyard manure,
b) manure,
c) slurry,
d) dung water,
2. other
a) compost,
b) green fertilization,
c) straw for fertilization,
d) other organic matter.
solid fertilizers –mineral fertilizers straight or compound, which are divided according to particle size:
1. powder (prevalent particles smaller than 1 mm)
2. granular (particles typically 1-4 mm) and according to the method of manufacture may be crystalline or granulated
Liquid Fertilizers can again be straight or compound, are produced as clear solutions or suspensions and may be subdivided into inorganic fertilizers liquid - pressure-free, high and low pressure.
Similarly, it is possible to conduct distribution of manure into solid (manure) and liquid (liquid manure, dung water, slurry)
Organic fertiliser
Inorganic fertiliser