What are fundamental duties.
Answers
Answer:
Fundamental Duties mentioned in Part IVA of the Constitution have been criticized on the following grounds:
They have been described by the critics as a code of moral precepts due to their non-justiciable character. Their inclusion in the Constitution was described by the critics as superfluous. This is because the duties included in the Constitution as fundamental would be performed by the people even though they were not incorporated into the Constitution.
Some of the duties are vague, ambiguous and difficult to be understood by the common man.
The list of duties is not exhaustive as it does not cover other important duties like casting vote, paying taxes, family planning and so on. In fact, the duty to pay taxes was recommended by the Swaran Singh Committee.
The critics said that the inclusion of fundamental duties as an appendage to Part IV of the Constitution has reduced their value and significance. They should have been added after Part III so as to keep them on par with Fundamental Rights.
Swaran Singh’s Committee recommended more than 10 Fundamental Duties, however, not all were included in the Constitution. Those duties recommended by the committee which were not accepted were:
Citizens to be penalized/punished by the parliament for any non-compliance with or refusal to observe any of the duties.
The punishments/penalties decided by the Parliament shall not be called in question in any court on the ground of infringement of any of Fundamental Rights or on the ground of repugnancy to any other provision of the Constitution.
Duty to pay taxes.
Facts about Fundamental Duties for UPSC:
Fundamental Duties are categorized into two – Moral Duty & Civic Duty
Moral Duty: cherishing noble ideals of freedom struggle
Civic Duty: respecting the Constitution, National Flag and National Anthem
They essentially contain just a codification of tasks integral to the Indian way of life
The Fundamental Duties are confined to Indian citizens only and do not extend to foreigners unlike a few Fundamental Rights
They are also nonjusticiable similar to Directive Principle of State Policies
There is no legal sanction against their violation
This Fundamental Duty article will be helpful for the aspirants for the upcoming examination. Download the fundamental duties’ notes PDF from the link given below:
Fundamental Duties-Indian Polity Notes:-
UPSC Questions related to Fundamental Duties
Which Fundamental Duty was added by the 86th Amendment Act?
The Fundamental Duty added by the 86th amendment act directs citizens to provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years.
Which Committee proposed to add Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution?
Swaran Singh Committee in 1976 recommended Fundamental Duties to be added in the constitution
Which amendment act added 10 Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution?
42nd Amendment Act, 1976 added 10 Fundamental Duties
Fundamental Duties are added under which part of the Indian Constitution?
They are added under Part-IV-A of the Constitution.
Relevant Articles:
Types of Amendments in the Indian Constitution Important Articles in Constitution of India
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Answer:
Fundamental duties.—It shall be the duty of every citizen of India—
*to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;
*to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
*to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
*to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
*to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
*to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures;
*to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
*to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
*to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement;
who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years