Question

what are gerunds and participles?​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Look at the pair of sentences below. In the first, the use of a gerund (functioning as a noun) allows the meaning to be expressed more precisely than in the second. In the first sentence, the interrupting, a specific behavior, is precisely indicated as the cause of the speaker's irritation. In the second, the cause of the irritation is identified less precisely as Bill, who just happens to have been interrupting. (In the second sentence, interrupting is actually a participle, not a gerund, since it functions as an adjective modifying Bill.)

I was irritated by Bill's constant interrupting.

I was irritated by Bill, constantly interrupting.

The same pattern is shown in these other example pairs below: in the first of each pair, a gerund (noun-function) is used; in the second, a participle (adjective-function). Notice the subtle change in meaning between the two sentences in each pair.

Examples:

The guitarist's finger-picking was extraordinary.

(The technique was extraordinary.)

The guitarist, finger-picking, was extraordinary.

(The person was extraordinary, demonstrating the technique.)

He was not impressed with their competing.

(The competing did not impress him.)

He was not impressed with them competing.

(They did not impress him as they competed.)

Grandpa enjoyed his grandchildren's running and laughing.

Grandpa enjoyed his grandchildren, running and laughing.* (Ambiguous: who is running and laughing?)

Answer 2

Answer:

gerunds are words that are formed from verbs and used as nouns

participles are words formed from verbs that can be used as adjectives or in adverbial phrases

hope it helps

please mark me as brainliest

and please follow me