What are homologous chromosomes ?
Answers
A couple of homologous chromosomes, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during meiosis. Homologs have the same genes in the same loci where they provide points along each chromosome which enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with each other before separating during meiosis. This is the basis for Mendelian inheritance which characterizes inheritance patterns of genetic material from an organism to its offspring parent developmental cell at the given time and area.
Answer for Class 11 Biology Students
There are two sets of chromosomes in a diploid cell, one set is contributed by male parent while the other by female parent. There are always two similar chromosomes having same size, form and structure; called homologous chromosomes. Thus, homologous chromosomes:
• Are same in size and exhibit identical centromere location.
• Contain same linearly ordered gene loci.
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