what are Horticulture crops
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What is horticulture? This is a common question that confronts both students and workers in plant agriculture. Indeed, it is important to be able to distinguish between the two main divisions of crop production, horticulture and agronomy, in order to acquire better theoretical understanding and skills in either specialized field. The proper delineation of the two divisions will likewise facilitate efforts on research and development directed on certain group of plants.
What is horticulture? In a nutshell, horticulture embraces olericulture, pomology, floriculture and ornamental crops, plant propagation, and nursery management.
Production of spices and vegetables are under horticulture
However, it is quite impossible to give an exact definition of horticulture. Neither is it easy to enumerate its scope with definiteness. Nonetheless, substantial enlightenment on the concept, scope, and definition of horticulture can be obtained from the writing of various authorities in the field.
According to Liberty Hyde Bailey (1858-1954), an American scholar who can be considered as one of the Fathers of Horticultural Science along with Thomas Andrew Knight (1759-1838) and John Lindley (1799-1865) (Janick 2002), horticulture is the growing of flowers, fruits and vegetables, and of plants for ornament and fancy (Ohio State University n.d.).
The term horticulture is derived from the Latin words hortus, meaning garden, and cultura, meaning cultivation (The New Webster's Dictionary of the English Language, international edition, 2004. Lexicon Publications, Inc. p.468).
According to Janick (1972), horticulture in its present concept is that part of plant agriculture concerned with so-called “garden crops” as contrasted with agronomy (field crops, mainly grains and forages) and forestry (forest trees and products). He gave the following definition of horticulture: it is the branch of agriculture concerned with intensively cultured plants directly used by man for food, for medicinal purposes, or for esthetic gratification.