what are hydrocarbons? write the name and general formula of 1. saturated and 2. unsaturated hydrocarbons and draw the structure of one hydrocarbon of each type. how can an unsaturated hydrocarbon be made saturated
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answered Jun 14, 2018 by aditya23 Premium (918 points)
Hydrocarbons are defined as the compounds which are composed of Hydrogen and Carbon atoms.
(i)The names and general formula for saturated Hydrocarbons is Alkane and the formula is: CnH2n+2. The 'n' represents number of carbon atoms in molecule of the alkane.
(ii) The names and general formula for unsaturated hydrocarbons are: Alkene and Alkyne. The general formula for alkene is: CnH2n and for Alkyne, it is : CnH2n-2
Structure of saturated hydrocarbon:
Molecular formula for 1 carbon atom = CH4
Structure of unsaturated hydrocarbon:
Molecular formula for 2 carbon atom is Ethene C2H4
The structure of Ethene is as follows:
Molecular formula for 2 carbon atom is Ethyne C2H2
H-C=C-H
Unsaturated hydrocarbon can be made a saturated hydrocarbon by addition reaction. On addition of Hydrogen in presence of Nickle as catalyst, to a unsaturated hydrocarbon, results in formation of a saturated hydrocarbon. The chemical reaction is as follows:
This reaction is called Hydrogenation.
Hey mate!
here is your answer:
• The compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon only are known as hydrocarbons.
•General formula of saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes)is Cnh2n+2 and general formula of unsaturated hydrocarbon i.e alkenes is Cnh2n and alkynes id Cnh2n-2
• Alkanes: Ch3-Ch3 (ethane)
• Alkenes: Ch2=Ch2(ethene)
• Alkynes:Ch triple bond Ch
• We can make an unsaturated hydrocarbon saturated hydrocarbons by the Addition reaction .
hope it helped ^_^