what are ionic compounds and covalent compounds and their properties
Answers
Ionic compound is a chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonding. The compound is neutral overall, but consists of positively charged ions called cations and negatively charged ions called anions.
Main properties of ionic compounds -
They form crystals.
They have higher enthalpies of fusion and vaporization than molecular compounds.
They are hard.
They are brittle.
They have high melting points and also high boiling points.
They conduct electricity but only when they are dissolved in water.
On the other hand,
A covalent bond, also called a molecular bond, is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs, and the stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding.
Main peoperties are -
Most covalent compounds have relatively low melting points and boiling points.
Covalent compounds usually have lower enthalpies of fusion and vaporization than ionic compounds.
Covalent compounds tend to be more flammable than ionic compounds.
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✨Ionic compounds✨
A compound formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal is called ionic compounds.
⭕ Properties ⭕
⭐The ionic compounds are solids.
⭐They exhibit high melting and boiling point.
⭐The ionic compounds are highly soluble in polar solvents.
⭐They conduct electricity in aqueous solution.
✨ Covalent compounds✨
A compound formed by the mutual sharing of electrons are known as covalent compounds.
⭕ Properties ⭕
✨They exhibit low melting and boiling point.
✨They are more flammable than ionic compounds.
✨They do not conduct electricity in aqueous solution.
✨They have lower enthalpies for vaporization than ionic compounds.
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