Question

What are Microorganisms?What are the Major groups of Microorganisms?

Answer 1

Microorganisms:-

A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India.

Five Major Groups of Microorganisms:-

• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Algae
• Protozoa
• Virus

Bacteria:-

• Single celled organisms
• Larger than viruses
• Found in three different shapes:-Rod-Shaped(bacillus),Spherical-Shaped(cocci),Spiral-Shaped(spirilla)

Fungi:-

• Plant like organisms that do not contain chlorophyll
• May be unicellular (Yeast) or multicellular (Bread Mould) and are found everywhere,from warm to very cold region
• They feed on decaying organic matter (saprophytes) or on/in the body of the living organisms (parasites)

Algae:-

• Unicellular (Chlamydomonas) or multicellular (Spirogya,Fucus) organisms.
• Grow in the moist soil , barks of the tree and rock surface.
• Almost all algae live in water.
• They are green organisms,capable of preparing their own food.

Protozoa:-

• Unicellular Organisms
• Heterotrophic in nutrition
• Live in fresh and salty water
• Also found in soil and in the bodies of other organisms.
• Eg- Amoeba

Viruses:-

• Viruses are smallest of all microorganisms.
• Cannot reproduce by themselves. They are dead organisms until they enter a body of any living organisms.
• After entering the body they use the energy of the host body and start multiplying.

Answer 2

Answer:

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microorganisms or microbes are micro scopic organism that exist as unicellular or multicellular or Cell cluster .

microorganism are widespread in nature and are beneficial to life but some can cause serious harm.

they can divided into six major types.

1. bacteria
2. archaea
3. fungi
4. protozoa
5. algae
6. viruses