what are National parks and sanctuaries? Explain any 4 National parks found in india.
Answers
Answer:
National parks in India are IUCN category II protected areas. India's first national park was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, now known as Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand. By 1970, India only had five national parks. In 1972, India enacted the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger to safeguard the habitats of conservation reliant species.
Explanation:
Further federal legislation strengthening protection for wildlife was introduced in the 1980s. As of May 2020, there were 105 national parks encompassing an area of 40,501.13 km2 (15,637.57 sq mi), under protected areas of India category II comprising 1.23% of India's total surface area.[1]The national parks of India are treasure troves for nature lovers, containing a wide range of geographical and climatic diversity. Within India’s boundaries you can find the soaring Himalayan mountain range, the lush rainforests of the Western Ghats, the arid Thar Desert, and 4,600 miles of coastline. Though the forest cover in India is only at about 22%, the subcontinent is home to about 10% of the world’s species.
The country’s first national park (now known as Jim Corbett National Park) was created in 1936. Up until 1970, there were only five national parks of India. But in 1971, much to everyone’s shock, it was discovered that there were only about 1,800 wild Tigers left in India. Within two years, both the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger were created, which has led to a substantial increase in India’s tiger population. Today, there are 103 national parks and 50 tiger reserves in India. They preserve and protect an astonishing degree of biodiversity that includes 70% of the world’s wild tigers, white lions, sloth bears, hundreds of bird species, and much more flora and fauna.
1. Kanha National Park
Kanha National Park is a paradise for wildlife lovers. With a core zone of 363 square miles, it’s the largest national park in Central India. It’s also considered one of the most well-managed. The result is a beautiful park that’s teeming with wildlife. With approximately 105 Bengal tigers, it’s a great place to spot the big cats in the wild. But there’s so much else to see there, including leopards, sloth bears, sambar and barasingha deer. Kanha’s breeding program played a very important role in saving the barasingha from extinction.
2. Bandhavgarh National Park
Bandhavgarh is very picturesque, and popular with photographers and wildlife enthusiasts. It’s always on the lists of the top national parks in India. The ruins of an ancient fort makes for a great backdrop to this park, with a core area of 40 square miles and a buffer area of approximately 154 square miles. It’s one of the best places to spot a tiger in India. Located among the Vindya Hills in Madhya Pradesh, Bandhavgarh boasts one of the highest densities of Bengal tigers in the world. But the magnificent cat is not the only attraction here. There are also 36 other mammals, including leopards, chital, dhole and nilgai (“blue bulls”), more than 150 species of birds, and around 80 species of butterflies.
3. Kaziranga National Park
Located in the northeast state of Assam, Kaziranga is one of the finest wildlife refuges in the world. Home to the world’s largest population of one-horned rhinos, the park is an undisturbed natural area of wet grasslands, swamps, and pools in the Brahmaputra Valley floodplain. On the UNESCO Natural Heritage list for India, Kaziranga is a great conservation success story, having saved the one-horned rhino from the brink of extinction. In 1903, there were only 12 left in the region; now there are about 1,800.
The park also harbors several other endangered species, such as Bengal tigers, Asian elephants, sloth bears, Gangetic dolphin, and many migratory birds. It’s the only park in India where elephant-back safaris are still deemed acceptable, as it’s the only way to view wildlife in the wet grasslands.
4. Nagarhole National Park
Nagarhole is Karnataka’s leading national park and wildlife getaway. Bounded by the pristine Kabini River and part of the Nilgiri biosphere, Nagarhole was formerly the hunting grounds of the Maharajah of Mysore and was declared a tiger reserve in 1999. This region is home to the largest concentration of herbivores in Asia, and the largest congregation of Asiatic elephants in the world. Tigers, leopards, sloth bears and dhole (wild dogs) also roam these enchanting forests. A year-round temperate climate and incredible wildlife viewing opportunities make Nagarhole a true nature lover’s paradise.
Answer:
National Parks And Sanctuaries. “National Parks are the areas that are set by the government to conserve the natural environment.” “Sanctuary is a place of refuge where injured, abandoned and abused wildlife is allowed to live in peace in their natural environment without any human intervention.”
Some National Parks and Sanctuaries are:-
- Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand
- Ranthambore National Park, Rajasthan
- Bandipur National Park, Karnataka
- Sariska National Park, Rajasthan
1. Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand
Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India and was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park to protect the endangered Bengal tiger. It is located in Nainital district and Pauri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand and was named after hunter and naturalist Jim Corbett. The park was the first to come under the Project Tiger initiative.
2. Ranthambore National Park, Rajasthan
Ranthambore National Park is a national park in Rajasthan, northern India, with an area of 1,334 km2 (515 sq mi). It is bounded to the north by the Banas River and to the south by the Chambal River. It is named after the historic Ranthambore Fort, which lies within the park.
3. Bandipur National Park, Karnataka
Bandipur National Park established in 1974 as a tiger reserve under Project Tiger, is a national park located in the Indian state of Karnataka, which is the state with the second highest tiger population in India. Along with adjacent Nagarhole National Park it is one of the Premier Tiger Reserves in the country. It was once a private hunting reserve for the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Mysore but has now been upgraded to Bandipur Tiger Reserve. Bandipur is known for its wildlife and has many types of biomes, but dry deciduous forest is dominant.
4. Sariska National Park, Rajasthan
Sariska Tiger Reserve is a tiger reserve in Alwar district, Rajasthan, India. It stretches over an area of 881 km2 (340 sq mi) comprising scrub-thorn arid forests, dry deciduous forests, grasslands, and rocky hills. This area was a hunting preserve of the Alwar state and was declared a wildlife reserve in 1955. It was given the status of a tiger reserve making it a part of India's Project Tiger in 1978. The wildlife sanctuary was declared a national park in 1990, with a total area of about 273.8 km2 (105.7 sq mi). It is the first reserve in the world with successfully relocated tigers. It is an important biodiversity area in the Northern Aravalli leopard and wildlife corridor.
Explanation:
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