what are natural resources? write down the types and importance of soil and natural vegetation
Answers
Answer:
Terrestrial vegetation is one of earth's most vital natural resources. Crops provide food, fiber, and fuel that sustain human life, while native vegetation preserves biodiversity, builds and protects soil, and plays a key role in the water cycle.
Explanation:
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Answer:
The soil is an important part of the landscape and contributes to determine the way in which natural vegetation, crops and human settlements are distributed on the territory. But the importance of the soil is mainly related to its double role as a reserve of nutritional elements and water and mechanical support (how would plants be able to stand upright if they did not have the soil to put their roots in?) for vegetation, leading to the creation of forests and protected areas.
types of soil
Sandy soil
Sandy Soil is light, warm, dry and tend to be acidic and low in nutrients. Sandy soils are often known as light soils due to their high proportion of sand and little clay (clay weighs more than sand).
Clay Soil
Clay Soil is a heavy soil type that benefits from high nutrients. Clay soils remain wet and cold in winter and dry out in summer.
Silt Soil
Silt Soil is a light and moisture retentive soil type with a high fertility rating.
Peat Soil
Peat soil is high in organic matter and retains a large amount of moisture.
Chalk Soil
Chalk soil can be either light or heavy but always highly alkaline due to the calcium carbonate or lime within its structure.
Loam Soil
Loam soil is a mixture of sand, silt and clay that are combined to avoid the negative effects of each type.
types of natural vegation
Tropical Evergreen Forests
It is also called tropical rainforests and occurs in the regions near the equator and close to the tropics. These regions are hot and receive heavy rainfall throughout the year.
Tropical Deciduous Forests
They are the monsoon forests found in the large part of India- Eastern Slopes of the Western Ghats, the Tarai regions of the Himalayas, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh.
Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests
The vegetation is found in those areas where the annual rainfall is between 50 and 100 cm. It is found in Eastern Rajasthan, Northern Gujarat, Western Madhya Pradesh, South-Western Uttar Pradesh, South Punjab, Haryana and the rain-shadow area of the Western Ghats.
Desert and Semi- Arid Vegetation
This kind of vegetation is found in the areas having less than 50 cm rainfall. Here the trees are in the forms of small shrubs. Generally their maximum height is up to 6 cm. The trees have deeps roots, and thick and thorny leaves. It is found in Western Rajasthan, Northern Gujarat, and the rain shadow region of the Western Ghats.
Mangrove Vegetation
This is found in the sea-coast and the lower deltaic regions. In these areas, the saline water spreads because of high tide. Here, the soil is marshy. The Ganga- Brahmaputra delta, deltaic regions of the rivers Mahanadi, Krishna, Godavari, Kaveri etc, and some parts of the eastern and western coast comes under this vegetation.
Moist Sub-tropical Montane Vegetation
This vegetation is found at the heights 1070-1500 m in the Peninsular India. This Vegetation is evergreen. The tree woods are almost soft. It is found in the area like- the Western Ghats, the Eastern Ghats, the Nilgiri, the Cardamom hills and the Annamalai hills.
Moist Temperate Montane Vegetation
This vegetation is found at the heights of 1500 m. It is found mostly in the Peninsular India. This forest is not very dense. There are shrubs on the surface. It is found in the hills of Annamalai, Nilgiri and Palni. The main trees of this forest are- Magnolia, Eucalyptus, and Elm.
The Himalayan Vegetation
A wide range of species is found in the mountains according to the variation in height. With increase in height, the temperature falls. At a height between 1500metres and 2500 metres most of the trees are conical in shape. Chir, Pine and Deodar are important coniferous trees found in these forests.
Explanation: