Question

What are polar and unpolar? How to identify an unknown substance whether it is polar or non-polar?

Answer 1

Explanation:

Polar Molecules. Polar molecules occur when two atoms do not share electrons equally in a covalent bond. ... If the electronegativity difference between the atoms is greater than 2.0, the bond is ionic. Ionic compounds are extremely polar molecules.

If your compound dissolves in polar solvents ( like methanol, acetone, DMF, etc.) then your compound is polar, where as if it dissolves in non polar solvents ( like n-hexane, benzene, toluene, etc. ) then your compound must be non polar. In case to study whether it is acidic or basic, most of the acidic compounds dissolves in basic aqueous solutions and vice versa. Hope it will help you.

Answer 2

$\huge\sf{Polar}$
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⭕The greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond is. Bonds that are partly ionic are called polar covalent bonds.

$\huge\sf{Non\:Polar}$

⭕Nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.

✔️Polar and Nonpolar Covalent Bonds✔️

♣️Nonpolar Covalent Bond♣️

A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have the same electronegativity and therefore have equal sharing of the bonding electron pair

Example: In H-H each H atom has an electronegativity value of 2.1, therefore the covalent bond between them is considered nonpolar

♣️Polar Covalent Bond♣️

A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have different electronegativities and therefore have unequal sharing of the bonding electron pair

Example: In H-Cl, the electronegativity of the Cl atom is 3.0, while that of the H atom is 2.1

The result is a bond where the electron pair is displaced toward the more electronegative atom. This atom then obtains a partial-negative charge while the less electronegative atom has a partial-positive charge.This separation of charge or bond dipole can be illustrated using an arrow with the arrowhead directed toward the more electronegative atom.

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