Question

What are political parties?
Answer the following questions in detail :​

Answer 1

Functions of a Political Party

• Every political party has a number of functions to perform. Here we have listed some of them.

• A political party contests elections by putting up candidates.
• In countries like the USA, the candidates are selected by members and supporters of a party.
• On the other hand, in countries like India, the candidates are chosen by top party leaders.
• Every party has different policies and programmes. Voters make a choice in accordance with the policies and programmes liked by them.
• In a democratic country, a large group of people that has certain similar opinions group together and form a party. Then then, give a direction to the policies adopted by the government.
• Those parties which lose elections form the opposition. They voice different views and criticise the government for their failures and mobilize opposition to the government.
• Political parties shape public opinion. With the help of the pressure groups, the parties launch movements for solving problems faced by the people.
• Parties even offer access to government machinery and welfare schemes. The local party leader serves as a link between the citizen and the government officer.

Importance of Political Parties

• Every candidate in the election would be an independent candidate. Any individual candidate does not have the efficiency to promise any major policy change to the people. In such a scenario, no one will be responsible for how the country is run.
• In the long run, only a representative democracy can survive. Political parties are the agencies that gather different views on various issues and present them to the government

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