What are proces and events for the formation of soil recorces and biological diversity un ethiopia the soil forming factors and ther role of fore soil formation
Answers
Explanation:
The destabilizing effects of soil erosion resulting from agricultural activities cannot be evaluated by soil erosion process studies alone. The rate of soil formation must be known so that maximum tolerable soil loss for cultivated slopes can be assessed. Two case studies, one in the Ethiopian high mountains and one in the mountains of Northern Thailand, are used to demonstrate the role of the various factors that influence stability. Despite moderate erosion rates, the Simen ecosystems in Ethiopia have suffered the greatest ecological damage through soil degradation processes. This threatens the food security of the present-day inhabitants. Reasons for this can be found in the inaccurate perception of soil erosion as a problem, and in the low soil loss tolerances of this high mountain environment. In contrast, high soil erosion rates on cultivated swiddens in Huai Thung Choa, Northern Thailand, have been clearly recognized by the local people; this is reflected in their shifting or swidden cultivation practices. Recent trends of reduced fallow periods, however, have resulted in accelerated soil degradation. Soil formation rates, nevertheless, are high enough for recovery once fields are abandoned. Use of a soil degradation ratio, defined as the soil loss divided by the soil loss tolerance, was found to be a practical method of evaluating the destabilizing potential of soil erosion in agricultural ecosystems.