What are specific examples that show the difference between "grammar" and "syntax"?
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Grammar is a set of rules that set forth the correct standard of usage in a language. These rules dictate how we should say things correctly. For example, agreement between words in relation to other constructions in the sentence.
Syntax is the study of sentences and their structure, and the constructions within sentences. Syntax tells us what goes where in a sentence.
like the sentence "For me to call her sister would be a bad idea" and its syntactic transform "It would be a bad idea for me to call her sister". That's syntax. English grammar is mostly syntax. English is an analytic (uninflected) language.
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