Question

what are subordinate courts ? and its functioning

Answer 1

Subordinate Courts in India are courts which exist under the High Courts of the country. These courts are present at the level of districts in different states of India and lower, and have almost similar structure all over the country. Subordinate courts were established as a result of the enactments by the state governments in India, so their nomenclatures and designations vary from state to state. But it is important to note that with respect to organizational structure, there is uniformity among the subordinate courts. Each state is divided into judicial districts. The administrative control of the High Court over the district courts and other lower courts is complete in terms of postings, promotions, grants of leave, etc. over any person belonging to the judicial service of a state and holding any post inferior to the post of a judge. It is the district court, which hears appeals from the subordinate courts.

Functions of Subordinate Courts in India
Subordinate Courts in India deal with civil and criminal cases in accordance with their respective jurisdictions and administer the Code of Civil Procedure and the Code of Criminal Procedure. More specifically, civil courts are responsible for settling disputes related to marriage, divorce, land, property, etc. Criminal courts resolve matters related to crimes such as murder, robbery, etc. Lok Adalats are known to effectively settle money claims, partition suits, matrimonial cases, etc. Nyaya Panchayats have jurisdiction over civil and minor criminal cases

Answer 2

subordinate courts on the criminal side are
1...second class judicial magistrate court
2...first class judicial magistrate court
3...chief judicial magistrate court.........

certain matters on criminal side or civil side can not be tried by a lesser court than a district court.

it is just below the supreme court

high courts hears appeals from Numerous subordinate courts working at district level.......

hope it is helpful....................