What are the 10 causes of heavy rainfall?
Answers
Explanation:
Heavy rainfall requires unstable air masses. That is, an adiabatic lapse rate (how cold it gets in altitude) greater than one degree Celsius per 100 meters. When it happens, the air rises, moisture condenses when reaching dew point temperature and keeps rising because condensation releases latent heat energy.
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Answer:
In a new study, Loriaux et al. cataloged atmospheric conditions that accompany extreme precipitation events at midlatitudes.The researchers analyzed surface data from more than 30 automated weather stations across the Netherlands, collected from 1995 to mid-2014. Then, they used a regional climate model to provide additional atmospheric conditions and tendencies over the same period.
From these data, the scientists identified more than 44,000 separate precipitation events in the Netherlands, and for each event, the team determined the peak precipitation intensity. Then, they investigated if certain atmospheric conditions—moisture content, atmospheric stability, and large-scale upward winds—correlated with the stronger precipitation events.
Overall, the results suggested that no single factor correlated perfectly with heavy rainfall. Warmer temperatures and increased moisture in the atmosphere seemed to correlate more with heavier precipitation events than with weaker ones. Although the strongest precipitation events also took place when the atmosphere was less stable than it typically is during weaker events, an unstable atmosphere itself does not always foreshadow heavy rainfall.
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