What are the 5 assumptions of an ideal gas?
Answers
Answer:
Before Langmuir, manufacturers made light bulbs with a vacuum inside to prevent oxygen from contacting the filament. This was because when current ran through the filament, it heated to 3,000°C—hot enough to oxidize the metal in the filament. While this temperature helpfully caused the filament to radiate visible light, it occasionally caused a tungsten atom to sublime (change directly from solid to gas phase) off the filament and onto the bulb’s glass, deteriorating the filament and blackening the bulb.
Langmuir figured out that by filling the bulb with argon gas, the tungsten atoms would take much longer to blacken the bulb. Instead of streaking straight towards the glass walls, they would collide and bounce off the argon atoms, sometimes even ricocheting back into the filament.
Langmuir was able to solve the problem of blackening light bulbs because he was familiar with kinetic-molecular theory (KMT). By making several assumptions about the motion and energy of molecules, KMT provides scientists with a useful framework for understanding how the behavior of molecules influences the behaviors of different states of matter, particularly the gas state. As the story of Langmuir’s light bulbs shows, this framework can be a useful tool for understanding and solving real-world problems. But KMT hasn’t always existed: When Langmuir figured out how to make light bulbs last longer in 1913, he was relying on many centuries of work by scientists who had developed the assumptions at the core of modern KMT.
Answer:
GASES CONSIST OF LARGE NUMBERS OF PARTICLES THAT ARE FAR APART RELATIVE TO THEIR SIZE.
COLLISIONS BETWEEN GAS PARTICLES ARE ELASTIC COLLISIONS.
GAS PARTICLES ARE IN CONSTANT, RAPID, RANDOM MOTION. THEY THEREFORE POSSESS KINETIC ENERGY.
THERE ARE NO FORCES OF ATTRACTION OR REPULSION BETWEEN GAS PARTICLES.