What are the another name of white phosphorus and red phosphorus.?
Answers
Explanation:
Main points of difference between the properties red phosphorous and white phosphorous are tabulated below:
Property White phosphorous Red phosphorous
Physical state and colour It is a white waxy solid. It is soft and can be cut using a knife. It turns yellow in colour in exposure to light, hence, it is also called as yellow phosphorus. It is red coloured hard crystalline solid. It is lustrous in nature.
Odour It has garlic like odour. It is odourless.
Physiological properties It is poisonous in nature and prolonged working this phosphorus leads to a disease known as Phossy jaw. It is non-poisonous in nature.
Structure White phosphorus exists in P4 tetrahedral structure. Each P-atom is sp3 hybridized and bonded to other three P-atoms by covalent bonds.
Red phosphorus exists in polymeric form. Each P4 tetrahedral is linked to another to form a polymer through covalent bonds. Its melting point is higher than that of white phosphorus,
Solubility It is insoluble in water but dissolves in organic solvents for example, ether, carbon disulphide, alcohols, etc It is not soluble in water as well as organic solvents
Action of air It shows phosphorescence. Due to high angle strain, it is very reactive. It burns in air. The greenish glow is visible in the dark It does not glow in the dark. Due to its polymeric, it is less reactive than white phosphorus. On reaction with oxygen it gives P4O10.
Reaction with halogens It spontaneously burns in chlorine to form phosphorus trichloride and phosphorus pentachloride. P4+6Cl2→4PCl3
P4+10Cl2→4PCl5
Being less reactive, it reacts with halogens only when heated. It forms PCl3 followed by PCl5. P4+6Cl2−→Δ4PCl3
P4+10Cl2−→Δ4PCl5
Reaction with sulphur It reacts with sulphur with violently to form a number of sulphides, i.e. P2S3, P2O5, P4S3, P4S7and P4S10. P4S3 being the most stable. 8P4+3S8→8P4S3
It reacts with sulphur only when heated in an inert atmosphere to form sulphides. 8P4+3S8−→−−453K8P4S3
Reaction with metals It reacts with metals to convert them into phosphides. It generally does not react with metals. It may show reactions with alkali metal like Na at high temperature.
Reaction with base White phosphorous when heated with solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution in inert atmosphere forms phosphine (PH3) and sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2). P4+3NaOH+3H2O−→−−−Δ,CO2PH3+3NaH2PO2
It does show