What are the basic of formation of aims of education ? Discuss in details ?
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Answers
●Aim of Education # 1. Knowledge Aim of Education:
According to this aim, the individual develops his individuality and fulfills his possibility by the help of knowledge.
●Aim of Education # 2. Vocational Aim of Education:
In the modern times, it is felt that education should have its preparatory value to enable individuals to earn his livelihood or to make both ends meet in order to live happily and successfully. It is the economic self-sufficiency of a person which makes him a worthy and contributing citizen.
●Aim of Education # 3. Character Aim of Education:
Character is a mental quality and it should be built very cautiously by education. T. Raymond opines,“Education finds its real meaning and value when its aim is character-building”. Bertrand Russel emphasizes that the formation of character is the chief aim of education. Herbart, the great educator of nineteenth century says, the whole work of education may be summing up the concept of “morality”.
●Aim of Education # 5. All-round Development Aim of Education:
It is also known as harmonious development aim of education. It refers to harmonious development of the physical, intellectual, emotional, spiritual, moral and aesthetic sides of human personality. It is with this harmonious development of all aspects of human nature that he will be able to play his part well in life and achieve success in all fields of human life.
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According to this aim, the individual develops his individuality and fulfills his possibility by the help of knowledge.
Knowledge is considered as power by which things are done. So, “Knowledge is power” was said by Bacon. It is knowledge that has enabled humanity to make progress.
Man becomes resourceful through knowledge. Socrates said that “one who had true knowledge could not be other than virtuous”. Knowledge is sine qua non for every spheres of human life—physical, social, moral, spiritual and economic. Great philosophers Socrates, Aristotle, Dante, Comenim, Bacon have propounded knowledge as an important aim of education.
In the narrow sense, knowledge aim implies “Knowledge for the sake of knowledge”. In its wider sense, it means development of mental powers-thinking, reasoning, discrimination, judgement, memory, problem solving, imagination, intelligence etc. True knowledge consists in possessing ideas of universal validity and universal relevance.
In other words, knowledge and wisdom must be for the good of the greatest number. Further, knowledge acquisition should not be considered as an end in itself. Rather it should be a means to other ends—individual development, civil efficiency, economic competency, living a richer and healthy life, welfare of the humanity, etc.
Thus, reception and utilization of knowledge is essential element in knowledge aim of education.