What are the biogeochemical cycle? Describe various types of biogeochemical in the ecosystems.
Answers
Answer:
Biogeochemical cycles mainly refer to the movement of nutrients and other elements between biotic and abiotic factors.”The term biogeochemical is derived from “bio” meaning biosphere, “geo” meaning the geological components and “chemical” meaning the elements that move through a cycle.
The matter on Earth is conserved and present in the form of atoms. Since matter can neither be created nor destroyed, it is recycled in the earth’s system in various forms.
The earth obtains energy from the sun which is radiated back as heat, rest all other elements are present in a closed system. The major elements include:
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Sulphur
These elements are recycled through the biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem. The atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere are the abiotic components of the ecosystem. Types of Biogeochemical Cycles
Biogeochemical cycles are basically divided into two types:
Gaseous cycles – Includes Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and the Water cycle.
Sedimentary cycles – Includes Sulphur, Phosphorus, Rock cycle, etc.
Let us have a look at each of these biogeochemical cycles in brief:
Water Cycle
The water from the different water bodies evaporates, cools, condenses and falls back to the earth as rain.
This biogeochemical cycle is responsible for maintaining weather conditions. The water in its various forms interacts with the surroundings and changes the temperature and pressure of the atmosphere.
There’s another process called Evapotranspiration (i.e. vapour produced from leaves) which aids this process. It is the evaporation of water from the leaves, soil and water bodies to the atmosphere which again condenses and falls as rain.Carbon Cycle
It is one of the biogeochemical cycles in which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and pedosphere.
All green plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight for photosynthesis. Carbon is thus stored in the plant. The green plants, when dead, are buried into the soil that gets converted into fossil fuels made from carbon. These fossil fuels when burnt, release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Also, the animals that consume plants, obtain the carbon stored in the plants. This carbon is returned to the atmosphere when these animals decompose after death. The carbon also returns to the environment through cellular respiration by animals.
Huge carbon content in the form of carbon dioxide is produced that is stored in the form of fossil fuel (coal & oil) and can be extracted for various commercial and non-commercial purposes. When factories use these fuels, the carbon is again released back in the atmosphere during combustion.Nitrogen Cycle
It is the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into several forms as it circulates through the atmosphere, terrestrial and marine ecosystems.
Nitrogen is an essential element of life. The nitrogen in the atmosphere is fixed by the nitrogen-fixing bacteria present in the root nodules of the leguminous plants and made available to the soil and plants.
The bacteria present in the roots of the plants convert this nitrogen gas into a usable compound called ammonia. Ammonia is also supplied to plants in the form of fertilizers. This ammonia is converted into nitrites and nitrates. The denitrifying bacteria reduce the nitrates into nitrogen and return it into the atmosphere.
Answer:
Here is your answer
Explanation:
These are the cycles which are necessary for the sustenance if life and also the chemcial , biological and ecological balance . The types are
1. Carbon cycle
2. Nitrogen cycle
3. Nuttrient cycle
4. Oxygen cycle
5. Phosphorus cycle
6.SulPhur Cycle
7.Water cycle
8.Rock cycle
Please thank and follow me