Question

What are the causes and effects of Second World War?​

Answer 1

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Explanation:

The Second World War started in 1939 and continued up to 1945. The two warring camps were :

(i) The Allies consisting of Britain, France, Russia and the USA.

(ii) The Axis powers consisting of Germany, Japan and Italy.

Causes :

Many factors caused the Second World War. The Great Depression of 1929, failure of the

League of Nations, rise of dictatorship in Germany and Italy under the Nazis and

Mussolini respectively were some of the important causes.

Effects :

(i) About 3 per cent of the world’s population perished.

(ii) Two crucial developments shaped the post-war scenario. They were:

(a) The emergence of USA and the USSR as superpowers.At least 6 million people died, millions more were injured. Most of the deaths tookplace outside the battlefiel ds. More civilians than fighting soldiers died. Vast parts of Europe and Asia were devastated and several cities destroyed by aerial bombings. It caused enormous economic devastation and social disruption.Reconstruction was long and difficult.

(b) The establishment of international organisations like the UNO and others to maintain peace and stability.

Answer 2

Answer:

$\underline\bold\red{Causes-}$

• The Failure of Peace Efforts.
• The Rise of Fascism.
• Formation of the Axis Coalition.
• German Aggression in Europe.
• The Worldwide Great Depression.
• Mukden Incident and the Invasion of Manchuria (1931)
• Japan invades China (1937)
• Pearl Harbor and Simultaneous Invasions (early December 1941)

Explanation:

$\underline\bold\green{Effects-}$

• civilians were particularly heavily affected by WWII with about half of the WWII European casualties being civilians. Among civilian deaths, between 9.8 and 10.4 million civilians were murdered for political or racial reasons by the Nazi regime (Auerbach, 1992).