Question

What are the causes for the rise of early nationalist in India?explain

Answer 1

Factors leading to rise of nationalism in India:7. Acts like Rowlatt act, salt tax, jallianwala bagh tragedy, compelled people to fight against the colonial regime, to organize mass movements.
British policy of racial discrimination, of divide and rule , instilled a feeling of nationalism among the people, which encouraged them to fight against the foreign domination.1. In India the feeling of nationalism is associated with anti colonial movement . In the process of their struggle against the colonial yoke people began to discover their own identity of belonging to one nation.

2. A variety of cultural processes, history, symbols, also played an important part in inculcating a sense of identity.

3. Identity of India came to be associated with Bharat Mata, with songs like Vande Matram and then our national anthem, also with our tri- color flag.

4. Umbrella Organization like Congress which led the nationalist struggle brought every section of Indian society under its fold. Nationalist Movement as led by Mahatma Gandhi who brought the people of country together into organized movements of mass struggle.

5. Through writings on Indian history that glorified India's past, its legacy and instilled a sense of pride and achievement in people.

6.British policy of racial discrimination, of divide and rule , instilled a feeling of nationalism among the people, which encouraged them to fight against the foreign domination.

7. Acts like Rowlatt act, salt tax, jallianwala bagh tragedy, compelled people to fight against the colonial regime, to organize mass movements.



6. The Contribution of the Social and Religious Reformers:

Religious and social reformers, namely, Raja Rammohan Roy, Keshab Chandra Sen, Debendranath Tagore, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Ramakrishna Paramhamsa, Vivekananda, and others had left a tremendous influence on the people of India; and they also were responsible for inspiring the countrymen to treasure the ideals of freedom and liberty.

7. Influence of the Western Civilization:

The establishment of British rule in India made closer relations with the Western world possible. Thus, the contacts with the European countries influenced the Indians immensely. The nineteenth century in Europe was the century of nationalism and liberalism.

The Indians came to learn their lessons from the Europeans on both these ideologies. Indians imbibed the ideas of nationalism and liberalism from the Western countries, particularly from Germany, Italy, Greece, and Belgium. Besides this, the ideas of Western thinkers, namely, Macaulay, Burke, Bentham, Mill, Spencer, Rousseau, and Voltaire also inspired and encouraged the ideas of independence among the Indians. Thus, there was a growth of political consciousness and awakening among the Indians.

Answer 2

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The early nationalists were mostly educated abroad and they strongly believed in the slogan of 'India for Indians'.

English education, the growth of communication and transport and the printing press, aided these nationalists to spread their views and to make the common man sit and think.